LOCATION MATCHWOOD               MI

Established Series
JSE-ESG-LMC-JFH
06/2011

MATCHWOOD SERIES

The Matchwood series consists of deep, poorly drained soils formed in clayey till overlying loamy till on till plain landscapes. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is very slow in the clayey till and moderate or moderately slow in the loamy till. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 760 millimeters, and mean annual air temperature is about 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, mixed, active, frigid Aeric Vertic Epiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Matchwood mucky clay - on a nearly level area under mixed hay land and brush. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oa--0 to 2 centimeters; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) highly decomposed organic matter; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 centimeters thick)

A--2 to 10 centimeters; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) mucky clay, very dark gray (7.5YR 3/1), dry; strong medium and coarse granular structure; very friable; common coarse roots and common very fine to medium roots; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 13 centimeters thick)

Bg--10 to 25 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine to medium roots; common fine faint gray (7.5YR 5/1) masses of reduced iron and many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 centimeters thick)

Bt1--25 to 43 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine to medium roots; many continuous faint brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine distinct gray (7.5YR 5/1) masses of reduced iron; about 1 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--43 to 74 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) clay; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; common patchy prominent very dark gray (7.5YR 3/1) organoargillans on vertical faces of peds and many continuous faint brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent gray (N 5/0) and common fine prominent gray (7.5YR 5/1) masses of reduced iron and many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; about 2 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 28 to 56 centimeters)

2BC--74 to 94 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; many discontinuous prominent gray (N 6/0) organoargillans on all faces of peds; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; common medium and coarse prominent spherical strongly cemented carbonate nodules throughout; about 5 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 20 centimeters thick)

2Cd1--94 to 127 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam; weak medium and coarse angular blocky structure, and weak very coarse angular blocky structure; firm; common continuous prominent white (7.5YR 8/1) carbonate coats on all faces of peds and common continuous prominent gray (N 6/0) silt coats on all faces of peds; common medium and coarse prominent spherical strongly cemented carbonate nodules; about 5 percent gravel; violent effervescence; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); gradual wavy boundary. (28 to 43 centimeters thick)

2Cd2--127 to 203 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; massive; common continuous prominent gray (N 6/0) silt coats on vertical faces of peds; about 2 percent gravel; violent effervescence; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA 92) Superior Lake Plain, Ontonagon County Michigan Subset; approximately 4 miles NW of Ewen, NE 1/4, NE 1/4; sec. 12, T. 48 N., R. 41 W, USGS Ewen, MI, topographic quadrangle; latitude 46 degrees 34 minutes 38 seconds North and longitude 89 degrees 21 minutes 54 seconds West, NAD 1927; UTM zone 16, 318784 Easting, 5160676 Northing, NAD 1927.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the clayey till - 64 to 102 centimeters
Reaction (A and Bg horizons) - very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 4.5 to 6.5)
Reaction (Bt and 2BC horizons) - strongly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.1 to 7.8). Some pedons contain free carbonates.
Reaction (2Cd horizons) - slightly acid to strongly alkaline (pH 6.1 to 9.0)
Gravel content (A, Bg, and Bt horizons) - 0 to 2 percent
Gravel content (2BC and 2Cd horizons) 0 to 10 percent

Oe or Oa horizon
Hue: 5YR to 5Y or neutral
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 0, 1, or 2

A horizon and Ap horizon (when present)
Hue: 5YR to 5Y, or neutral
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 0 or 1
Texture: clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, or the mucky analogs of these textures.

Bg horizons
Hue: 5YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam

Bt horizons
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: clay, silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content - 35 to 90 percent

2Bt horizon (when present)
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, or sandy clay loam. Pockets of other textures may be in this horizon.

2BC horizon
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 or 5
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy loam, sand, loamy sand, sandy clay loam or clay. Pockets of other textures may be in this horizon.

2Cd horizons
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, sandy loam, sand, loamy sand, or sandy clay loam. Pockets of other textures may be in this horizon.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series with this taxonomic classification.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: clayey till over loamy till
Landform: flats, drainageways, and depressions on till plains or till-floored lake plains
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Elevation: 180 to 550 meters
Mean annual air temperature: 3 to 7 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation: 640 to 860 millimeters
Frost-free period: less than 100 to 140 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amnicon, Badriver, Bergland, Cuttre, Miskoaki, Odanah, and Sanborg soils.
Amnicon and on knolls and side slopes and are in the Oxyaquic Vertic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Badriver are on identical landforms, but in the fine particle-size class and Aeric Glossaqualfs Subgroup.
Bergland are on identical landforms, but are formed only in clayey till and subsequently have only clay or silty clay textures in the lower argillic, BC, and C horizons.
Cuttre are on identical landforms, but in the Aeric Glossaqualfs Subgroup.
Miskoaki - are on knolls and side slopes and in the Vertic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Odanah - are on knolls and side slopes, and in the fine particle-size class and Haplic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Sanborg are on knolls and flats, and in the fine particle-size class and Oxyaquic Glossudalfs Subgroup.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage a zone of seasonal water saturation occurs from 15 centimeters above the surface to 15 centimeters below the surface from March to June and in October and November (poorly drained).
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (A, Bg and Bt horizons) - very slow
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (2BC and 2Cd horizons) - moderate or moderately slow

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is wooded. Some areas are used for hay, pasture or are idle. Common tree species include quaking aspen, balsam fir, northern white cedar, black spruce, white spruce, red maple, paper birch, speckled alder, and willow.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division
--Laurentian Upland
Physiographic Province
--Superior Upland
Land Resource Region
--Northern Lake States Forest and Forage region (LRR K)
Major Land Resource Area
--Superior Lake Plain (MLRA 92)

The series is of small extent; 1750 hectares are correlated.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Major Land Resource Area 92 Superior Lake Plain; Ontonagon County Michigan Subset, January 2007. Proposed in Ontonagon County, Michigan, 2004. Source of name is a small community in Ontonagon County.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the typical pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - 2 to 10 centimeters (A horizon)
Argillic horizon - 25 to 94 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, and 2BC horizons)
Dense layers (physically root restrictive) - 94 to 203 centimeters (2Cd1 and 2Cd2 horizons)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.