LOCATION NEWFIELDS NH+MA
Established Series
HRM-RJK-DAS
01/2013
NEWFIELDS SERIES
The Newfields series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in a loamy mantle underlain by sandy till on upland hills, moraines, till plains, and mountain side slopes. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to very high. Slope ranges from 0 through 25 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 40 inches (1016 millimeters), and mean annual temperature is about 48 degrees F. (9 degrees C.).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Newfields fine sandy loam, on a nearly level slope in a wooded area. The surface is covered by a 1 inch (3 centimeter) layer of leaves and twigs. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap -- 0 to 9 inches (0 to 23 centimeters); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine and medium, and common coarse roots; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters) thick.)
Bw1 -- 9 to 20 inches (23 to 51 centimeters); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; common medium and few coarse roots; 10 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2 -- 20 to 28 inches (51 to 71 centimeters); olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; common fine and few medium roots; 10 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 5 to 30 inches (13 to 76 centimeters).)
BC -- 28 to 35 inches (71 to 89 centimeters); light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) fine sandy loam; massive; friable; few fine and medium roots; 5 percent gravel; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and many medium distinct light gray (5Y 7/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 (0 to 51 centimeters) inches thick.)
2C1 -- 35 to 43 inches (89 to 109 centimeters); light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) gravelly loamy sand; massive; friable; 25 percent gravel; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation, and many medium distinct light gray (5Y 7/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 30 inches (0 to 76 centimeters ) thick.)
2C2 -- 43 to 64 inches (109 to 163 centimeters); pale olive (5Y 6/3) gravelly loamy sand; massive; friable; 25 percent gravel; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and many medium faint light gray (5Y 7/2) iron depletions; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Rockingham County, New Hampshire; Town of Atkinson, 300 feet south of Province Hill Road from a point on Province Hill Road .35 mile northeast of the intersection of Salem Road and Province Hill Road; USGS Haverhill, NH topographic quadrangle; Latitude 42 degrees, 49 minutes, 20 seconds North, longitude 71 degrees, 8 minutes, 50 seconds West, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 15 through 36 inches (38 through 91 centimeters). Depth to bedrock is typically greater than 60 inches (1.5 meters). Rock fragments range from 0 through 30 percent in the solum and 5 through 60 percent in the substratum. Rock fragments are dominantly granite, gneiss, schist, and quartzite gravel, but can often include cobbles, stones and boulders. Reaction ranges from extremely acid through slightly acid.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 through 4, and chroma of 2 through 4. Some pedons have an A horizon that has value of 2 through 3 and chroma of 1 through 3. Some pedons have an E horizon that has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 through 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the Ap, A and E horizons is fine sandy loam, loam, sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 8. Texture is dominantly fine sandy loam in the fine-earth fraction, but includes thin subhorizons of sandy loam and very fine sandy loam in the upper part, with the weighted average of coarse-loamy material containing less than 50 percent fine or coarser sand. Some pedons have a Bs horizon.
The BC horizon has color and texture similar to the Bw horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 through 7, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, loamy coarse sand, fine sand, or sand in the fine-earth fraction. Some pedons have lenses of sand and gravel. Structure is weak thin platy or the horizon is massive. Consistence is very friable or friable, but may contain thin subhorizons with firm consistence.
COMPETING SERIES: There are currently no other series in the same family.
The
Agawam,
Branford,
Canton,
Deerfield,
Haven,
Narragansett,
Scituate, and
Sutton series are in related families. Agawam, Branford, and Haven soils have either stratified sand or sand and gravel in the series control section. The Canton and Narragansett soils do not have redoximorphic features. Deerfield soils have sandy textures in the solum. Scituate and Sutton soils have coarse-loamy particle-size control sections.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Newfields soils are nearly level through moderately steep soils of glaciated uplands and morianes. Slope ranges from 0 through 25 percent. The soils formed in a loamy mantle over acid sandy melt out till of Wisconsin age derived mainly from granite, gneiss, or quartzite. The till generally contains cobbles and stones with some boulders. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 through 50 inches (889 through 1270 millimeters), and mean annual temperature ranges from 47 through 52 degrees F. (8 through 11 degrees C.).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Canton,
Leicester,
Montauk and
Scituate soils. Newfields soils are in a drainage sequence with the well drained Canton soils and the poorly drained Leicester soils. Montauk soils have a dense substratum and are in higher positions on the landscape. Scituate soils have a dense substratum and are in similar positions on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff ranges from slow to rapid. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to very high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of these soils are presently forested although some areas were tilled at one time. Common species are northern red oak, eastern white pine, and red maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern New Hampshire and southeastern Massachusetts. MLRA's 144A and 149B. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rockingham County, New Hampshire, 1986.
REMARKS: The 2010 revision reflected changes to the range in characteristics as well as general updating to metric units. This series was classified to the 10th edition of Keys to Soil Taxonomy with that revision. The former classification was coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Dystrochrepts. Historical notes are maintained in the maintenance file, OSD Historical Notes.
There is some debate over the source of the loamy mantle, one theory places it as aeolian.
The diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 9 inches (0 to 23 centimeters) (Ap horizon).
2. Cambic horizon - the zone from 9 to 35 inches (23 to 89 centimeters) (Bw1, Bw2, BC horizons).
3. Contrasting particle-size class - both the coarse-loamy part and the sandy part of the particle-size control section are greater than 5 inches (12.5 cm) thick and the transition zone between the two parts is less than 5 inches (12.5 cm) thick.
4) Particle-size control section - the zone from 10 through 40 inches (25 through 100 centimeters) (part of the Bw1, Bw2, BC, 2C1 horizons).
5) Lithologic discontinuity - at a depth of 35 inches (89 centimeters).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.