LOCATION NEWVIL                  NV

Established Series
Rev. HJB/BKP/JBF
02/2012

NEWVIL SERIES

The Newvil series consists of shallow to a duripan, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from welded tuff and reworked lacustrine sediments. Newvil soils are on eroded fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 275 mm and the mean annual temperature is 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic, shallow Argiduridic Durixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Newvil gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with approximately 40 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles. Lithology of rock fragments is welded tuff.

A--0 to 8 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many fine and common medium vesicular pores and many very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)

Bt--8 to 25 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 15 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)

Bqk--25 to 41 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak medium platy structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; many very fine and fine, and few medium tubular pores; 35 percent duripan fragments with 5 percent welded tuff gravel; common distinct secondary calcium carbonate concretions on bottom of rock fragments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 20 cm thick)

Bqkm1--41 to 53 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) duripan as discontinuous strongly cemented secondary silica and calcium carbonate lenses throughout, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; strong thin platy structure; extremely hard, slightly rigid; few very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and few fine interstitial pores; duripan fragments increase with depth; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

Bqkm2--53 to 100 cm; white (10YR 8/1) indurated duripan, light gray (10YR 7/2) moist; strong medium platy structure; very rigid, very rigid; many very fine and few fine roots matted on the surface of the duripan; violently effervescent.

TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; sec. 31, T.5S., R.67E.; USGS Pony Springs 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 15 minutes 1.2 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 30 minutes 24.3 seconds W; UTM zone 11, 0718171e, 4236532n; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist for short periods in winter and early spring and intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to argillic horizon: 8 to 18 cm.
Thickness of the argillic horizon: 13 to 25 cm.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 18 to 25 cm.
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 8 to 36 cm.
Depth to duripan: 36 to 50 cm.
Thickness of duripan: 50 to 100 cm.
Carbonate development stage: III.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent mainly gravel with a minor amount of duripan fragments.

A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Mineralogy: 12 to 20 percent volcanic glass in the parent material and averages 0.01 to 0.09 percent Al plus 1/2Fe, extracted by ammonium oxalate.

Bt (and Btk horizons when present)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Sandy clay loam or loam.
Mineralogy: 15 to 24 percent volcanic glass in the parent material and averages 0.05 to 0.09 percent Al plus 1/2Fe, extracted by ammonium oxalate.
Structure: Weak or moderate, fine or medium prismatic or subangular blocky structure, or massive.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent in the material less than 2 mm.
Reaction: Neutral through moderately alkaline.
Other (when present): 5 percent fine secondary calcium carbonate concretions on the bottom of rock fragments.

Bqk horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 55 percent with sub-horizons in some pedons averaging 15 to 35 percent.
Structure: weak or moderate, fine or medium prismatic, platy, or subangular blocky structure, or massive.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 5 percent in the material less than 2 mm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline.

Bqkm horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 4, dry or moist.
Cementation: strongly cemented with some pedons containing sub-horizons that are very strongly cemented through indurated.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline.
Other features: Average duripan thickness is 20 to 40 cm and may include up to 20 cm of weakly cemented materials in sub-horizons of some pedons.

2C horizon (when present)
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent in the material less than 2 mm.
Mineralogy: 10 to 25 percent volcanic glass in the parent material and averages 0.01 to 0.1 percent Al plus 1/2Fe, extracted by ammonium oxalate.

COMPETING SERIES: These are Mudco, Oxendine, and Terlan series series.

Mudco, Oxendine, and Terlan soils are not intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms. Mudco and Oxendine soils do not have secondary calcium carbonate in B horizons or duripan. Terlan soils form in alluvium derived from basalt parent material and lack lacustrine deposits below the duripan.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Newvil soils are on eroded fan remnants at elevations of 1,700 to 2,000 meters. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The soils formed in alluvium derived from welded tuff and reworked lacustrine sediments. The climate is cool continental, mesic. The mean annual temperature is 7 to 10 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is 250 to 300 mm and the frost free period is 90 to 110 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aned, Chuckmill, and Sevenmile series. Aned soils have 5 to 15 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section and a duripan that is strongly or less cemented. Chuckmill soils have a duripan at 25 to 36 cm. Sevenmile soils average 8 to 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section and have a cambic horizon from 43 to 86 cm.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; low runoff; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Newvil soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Potential native vegetation is Indian ricegrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, black sagebrush, low Douglas rabbitbrush, Nevada ephedra and a minor component of singleleaf pinyon and Utah Juniper. This pedon is correlated to Ecological Site R028AY035NV, Shallow Clay Loam 10-12 P.Z.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Nevada. Newvil soils are not extensive. MLRA 28A and 29.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County (Meadow Valley Area), Nevada, 2009.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly known as Vil series. The soils are reclassified and the type location moved to represent the landscape.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the surface to 25 cm (A and Bt horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 8 to 25 cm (Bt horizon).
Duripan - The zone from 41 to 100 cm (Bqkm1 and Bqkm2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 8 to 25 cm (Bt horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Pedon ID: 02NV78402-1-PWB.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.