LOCATION NIXON NJEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Nixon loam, 2 percent slope. Cropland - Sudan grass.
Ap--0 to 10 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) loam; moderate medium sub angular blocky and strong coarse granular structure; friable; many fine roots; 10 percent quartzose pebbles and cobblestones; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
B1--10 to 16 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly plastic; common fine roots; 10 percent quartzose pebbles and cobblestones; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
B21t--16 to 22 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) heavy loam; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, plastic, slightly sticky; common fine roots; 10 percent quartzose and red shale pebbles; many thin discontinuous clay films on peds; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
B22t--22 to 40 inches: reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly plastic, slightly sticky; few fine roots; 15 percent quartzose and red shale pebbles; many thin discontinuous clay films on peds; very strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (14 to 30 inches thick)
IIC--40 to 60 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) loamy sand; single grained; loose; 10 percent quartzose pebbles; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Middlesex County, New Jersey; North Brunswick Township; on the College Farm; 150 feet southeast of U.S. #1, 960 feet west of Ryders Lane, and 1,330 feet north northwest of the beef barn.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 24 to 45 inches. The depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. Coarse fragments range from less than 5 percent to 35 percent in strata. The highest concentrations are typically in the surface horizon or the strata. Coarse fragments are dominantly pebbles or cobblestones composed of quartz, quartzite, sandstone, or shale. Most pedons contain some basalt, diabase, or granitic gneiss pebbles or cobblestones also. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to strongly acid unless limed.
The A1 or Ap horizons have hues of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 through 4 and chromas of 1 through 4. Some pedons have an A3 horizon that has hues of 5YR to 10YR, values and chroma or 4 through 6. The texture is sandy loam, loam or gravelly equivalents.
The B horizons have hues of 7.5YR to 2.5YR, values of 3 through 5 and chromas of 4 through 6. The texture is sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or gravelly analogues. Weighted average clay content for the particle size control section is 18 to 25 percent. The evidence of illuviation of clay ranges from thin to thick, patchy or nearly continuous, clay films on peds to bridging between grains. Structure is weak or moderate, fine or medium subangular blocky.
The C horizons have hues of 2.5YR to 10YR, values and chromas of 3 through 6. Texture of the fine earth fraction is loamy sand or sandy loam. The C horizons are massive or single grained. Most pedons contain one or more gravelly or cobbly strata.
COMPETING SERIES: These are Jefferson, Lily, Lonewood, Marr, Sassafras, and Sunnyside. Jefferson, Lonewood, Marr, Riney Sassafras and Sunnyside all lack obvious red shale detrital components in the coarse fragments and fine earth fraction. In addition Jefferson soils contain sandstone fragments and flagstones. The sand fraction of Marr soils is poorly graded, it is almost exclusively fine and very fine sand. Lily soils are 20 to 40 inches to sandstone bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Nixon soils are nearly level to gently sloping. They have formed in acid coarse textured sediments which were derived from a mixing of red shale and siliceous coastal plain materials. The average temperature is 50 to 55 degrees F.; precipitation is 40 to 48 inches; frost free days range from 160 to 190 per year.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Landsowne, Fallsington and the competing Sassafras. Lansdowne and Fallsington are in lower positions; the former is moderately well or somewhat poorly drained and is fine textures; the latter is poorly drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is very slow to medium depending on slopes. Permeability is moderate in the solum and moderately rapid in the substrata.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly in urban and suburban areas. Other uses include woodland, pasture, cropland and idle. In wooded areas the dominant trees are red, scarlet, white and black oaks. Over the years this soil has been a source of gravelly fill or road-base.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central New Jersey in a narrow strip ectending from Metuchen to Trenton along the Piedmont-Coastal Plain contact. The series is inextensive; the total area is less than 10,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Freehold Soil Conservation District, New Jersey, 1937.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NJ0071 NIXON 0- 5 - - - - NJ0206 NIXON 0- 5 - - - -SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NJ0071 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 NJ0206 NONE 1.0-4.0 APPARENT DEC-MAY 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NJ0071 0-10 L SL 0- 2 75- 95 10-25 - NJ0071 0-10 GR-L GR-SL GR-SCL 0- 5 50- 75 10-25 - NJ0071 10-40 L SCL GR-SL 0- 3 50- 90 18-25 - NJ0071 40-60 LS GR-SL 0- 5 50- 90 5-15 - NJ0206 0-10 L SL 0- 2 75- 95 10-20 - NJ0206 10-38 L SL GR-SCL 0- 2 70- 95 18-25 - NJ0206 38-60 SL LS GR-LS 0- 2 45- 95 5-15 -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NJ0071 0-10 3.6- 5.5 2.-4. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NJ0071 0-10 3.6- 5.5 - 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NJ0071 10-40 3.6- 5.5 - 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NJ0071 40-60 3.6- 5.5 - 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW NJ0206 0-10 3.6- 5.5 2.-4. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NJ0206 10-38 3.6- 5.5 - 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NJ0206 38-60 3.6- 5.5 - 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW