LOCATION NOANK                   CT

Established Series
BEF-CEP-DCP
10/2024

NOANK SERIES

MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Depth class--Very deep
Drainage class--Subaqueous
Water depth range--2 to 273 centimeters
Parent material--Sandy estuarine deposits
Geomorphic location--Mainland coves
Slope range--0 to 2percent
Mean annual air temperature--10 degrees C (50 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--1295 millimeters (51 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Sulfic Psammowassents

TYPICAL PEDON: Noank sand in a cove under 120 centimeters of tidal estuarine water. Tidal range is 24 centimeters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).

Cseg1--0 to 44 centimeters; very dark gray (N 3/) fine sand; single grain; loose; very fluid; strongly saline; 1 percent fine shell fragments; slight hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; neutral (pH 7.3); very strongly acid (pH 4.7) oxidized pH; clear boundary.

Cseg2--44 to 64 centimeters; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) sand; single grain; loose; slightly fluid; strongly saline; 2 percent fine shell fragments; 10 percent fine gravels; slight hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); slightly acid (pH 6.1) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary.

Cseg3--64 to 78 centimeters; dark gray (N 4/ ) coarse sand; single grain; loose; nonfluid; strongly saline; moderate hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); extremely acid (pH 4.2) oxidized pH; clear boundary.

Cseg4--78 to 89 centimeters; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) coarse sand; single grain; loose; nonfluid; strongly saline; 1 percent wood fragments; moderate hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); extremely acid (pH 3.9) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary.

Cseg5--89 to 103 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loamy sand; single grain; loose; nonfluid; strongly saline; 1 percent fine gravels; slight hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); extremely acid (pH 4.0) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary.

Cseg6--103 to 118 centimeters; 75 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) and 25 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loamy coarse sand; single grain; loose; nonfluid; strongly saline; 2 percent fine gravels; 5 percent wood fragments; slight hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); extremely acid (pH 3.9) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary.

Cseg7--118 to 200 centimeters; black (2.5Y 2.5/1) sand; single grain; loose; nonfluid; strongly saline; 1 percent fine gravels; slight hydrogen sulfide odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7) extremely acid (pH 3.9) oxidized pH.

TYPE LOCATION: New London County, Connecticut; Town of Niantic, approximately 530 meters (1,739 feet) north-northwest of North Brother Island, 250 meters (820 feet) south-southeast of the entrance to Four Mile River, and 209 meters southwest of The Pavilion at Rocky Neck; USGS topographic quadrangle: Niantic, CT.

Latitude--41.2975320
Longitude-- -72.2474530
Datum--WGS84
Coordinate source--from hand-held GPS

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock--Greater than 200 centimeters
Soil moisture--These soils are continuously inundated or exposed only during spring low tides.
Reaction throughout--Neutral to strongly alkaline (pH 6.6 to 9.0)
Oxidized reaction--Extremely acid to moderately alkaline (pH <3.5 to 8.4)
Electrical conductivity (EC 1:5 water)--Greater than 0.6 dS/m throughout
Depth to hypersulfidic / sulfidic materials (oxidized pH 4.0)--0 to 100 centimeters (must have a combined thickness of 15 centimeters or more)
Manner of failure--Can have n-value of 0.7 or greater at the surface or be nonfluid throughout
Gravel and / or shell fragments throughout--0 to less than 35 percent
Total soil organic carbon stocks to 200 centimeters--5 to 31 kg m-2

Aseg or A (where present) horizon
Hue--2.5Y to 5GY or neutral
Value--2.5 to 3
Chroma--0 to 2
Texture--Loamy fine sand or coarser sometimes with mucky analogs
Soil organic carbon--3 to 33 kg m-3

Cseg or Cg (where present) horizon
Hue--2.5Y to 5GY or neutral
Value--2.5 to 6
Chroma--0 to 2
Texture--Loamy fine sand or coarser
Soil organic carbon--3 to 26 kg m-3

COMPETING SERIES:
Duvall Creek soils--occur in sub-estuaries in the Chesapeake Bay region on wave-built terrace landforms and have thicker hypersulfidic soil materials throughout.
Nagunt soils--occur on washover-fan flats and washover-fan slopes behind barrier beaches and islands in coastal lagoons
Niantic soils--occur on bay bottoms, shore faces, and submerged beaches or headlands and can have horizons with prime designations.
Nott Island soils--occur on river channels, shoals, and sand bars in tidal rivers.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--Sandy estuarine deposits
Landscape--Coastal estuaries and lagoons
Landform--Mainland coves
Slope--0 to 2percent
Mean annual precipitation--1023 to 1320 millimeters (40 to 52 inches)
Mean annual air temperature--4 to 13 degrees C (39 to 55 degrees F)
Water salinity range--18 to 30 parts per thousand
Frost-free period--350 to 365 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Anguilla soils--are on mainland cove landforms and often have rock fragments greater than 35 percent in substratum horizons keeping them out of Psammowassents.
Fort Neck soils--formed in finer textured estuarine deposits and are found on mainland coves and lagoon bottoms in coastal lagoons and bays.
Marshneck soils--are on flood-tidal delta slope landforms and have finer textured horizons.
Napatree soils--are found on mainland cove areas, have finer soil textures, and lack hypersulfidic soil materials.
Pishagqua soils--are on lagoon bottom landforms and have finer soil textures throughout.
Rhodesfolly soils--are on washover-fan flats, are slightly coarser textured, and do not have hypersulfidic soil materials within 100 centimeters of the soil surface.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--Subaqueous
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--Moderately high to very high
Soil moisture regime--Peraquic
Soil is continuously inundated by salt or brackish water.

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses--The area is used for recreational fishing and swimming. Commercial uses include shell fishing and aquaculture.
Native vegetation--Native vegetation includes eelgrass (Zostera marina) and widgeon grass (Ruppia maritma). Vegetation cover ranges from 0 percent coverage in shallow and intertidal flats through 80 percent coverage on the flat and sloping units of this soil. This soil supports benthic fauna such as tubeworms, clams, juvenile blue crabs, scallops and juvenile finfish.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--These soils are located along the Connecticut coast.
Land Resource Region(s)--R - Northeastern Forage and Forest Region
MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Extent--Small

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Special Projects Office

SERIES ESTABLISHED: New London County, Connecticut, 2024.

REMARKS: This subaqueous series is mapped in areas previously mapped as water in the soil survey publications of Connecticut.

Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include-
Peraquic feature--The zone from 0 to 200 centimeters has positive soil water potential (permanently submerged) at the soil surface (under 2 meters of salt water).
Particle-size control section--The zone from 0 to 100 centimeters (0 to 40 inches)
Sulfidic soil materials--Within 100 centimeters of the mineral soil surface, 78 to 200 centimeters (Cseg4, Cseg5, Cseg6, and Cseg7 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA:
This pedon was sampled as S2022CT011095 by the University of Rhode Island. Support pedons used to develop this series S2022CT011036, S2022CT011068, S2022CT011090, S2022CT011094, S2023CT001077, and S2023CT001037.
________________________________________

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.