LOCATION NORTHVILLE SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Glossic Natrustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Northville silt loam - on a plane slope of less than 1 percent in cropland. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
BE--5 to 8 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; gray (10YR 6/1) silt coatings on faces of peds; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak thin platy structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Btn1--8 to 13 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots between peds; few very fine tubular pores; clay films on vertical faces of peds; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Btn2--13 to 22 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate fine and medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine roots between peds; few very fine tubular pores; clay films on vertical faces of peds; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Btn horizons 6 to 25 inches thick)
Bk1--22 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; 11 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; common fine irregular masses of carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bk2--42 to 58 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; common fine irregular masses of carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bk horizons 15 to 40 inches thick)
Ab--58 to 69 inches; dark gray (N 4/0) silty clay, black (N 2/0) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine tubular pores; 4 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; few fine irregular masses of carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
C--69 to 80 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; common fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) redox concentrations; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine tubular pores; 8 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Spink County, South Dakota; about 15 miles south and 2 miles west of Doland; 2550 feet north and 275 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 23, T. 114 N., R. 61 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 20 to more than 60 inches and typically includes all of the Btn horizon. Depth to carbonates ranges from 20 to 50 inches.
The A horizon has value of 3 to 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It typically is silt loam, but it is silty clay loam in some pedons. It ranges from slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
The BE horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6 and 2 to 4 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. Gray or light gray silt coatings are on the faces of peds. Some pedons have relic round topped columnar peds that are degraded in color and structure with vertical streaks of gray or light gray extending an inch or more into the columns. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline. Some pedons have an E/B, EB, B/E or E horizon.
The E horizon, where present, has value of 5 or 6 and 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. It slightly acid or neutral.
The Btn horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, 2 to 4 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay. It contains 35 to 50 percent clay with less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser. It ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 7 and 2 to 5 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay loam and is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. It has common to many accumulations of carbonate. Some pedons have accumulations of gypsum and other salts. Few to common redox features are in some pedons. Some pedons have a Btnk, Bky or Bkz horizons.
The Ab horizon has hue of 2.5Y or neutral, value of 3 to 5 and 1 to 3 moist, and chroma of 2 or less. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, silty clay or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Some pedons have an Akb horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, loam or clay loam. Strata of coarser textures are in some pedons. It is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Few to many nests of gypsum are present in some pedons. It has few to many redox features. Some pedons have a Cyg or Cg horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Demky, Stickney and Walke series. Demky and Walke soils have a mollic epipedon less than 20 inches thick and typically have carbonate at shallower depths. Stickney soils contain more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the particle size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Northville soils are on broad, alluvial flats, floodplains or stream terraces. Surfaces are plane or slightly convex on slope gradients are 2 percent or less. Northville soils formed in clayey alluvium. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 48 degree F, and mean annual precipitation from 18 to 21 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bon, Davis, Dimo, Durrstein, Farmsworth, Grat, Hoven and Lane soils. Bon, Davis and Lane soils are in similar to slightly higher positions and do not have a natric horizon. Dimo and Grat soils are in slightly lower position and do not have a natric horizon. Durrstein and Hoven soils have a wetter soil moisture control section and are in lower positions on the landscape. Farmsworth soils do not have tonguing and interfingering of the E horizon into the Btn horizon and are in similar to slightly lower landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is low or medium depending on slope. Permeability is slow. A temporary water table is at a depth of 4 to 6 feet in the spring of most years
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Northville soils are cultivated. Small grain, alfalfa, corn, and sunflowers are the major crops. Native vegetation is mainly western wheatgrass, green needlegrass, big bluestem, little bluestem, sideoats grama, blue grama, sedges and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central South Dakota. The series is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Spink County, South Dakota, 1997. This was an established series that was made inactive and since has been reestablished.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 22 inches (A, BE, Btn1 and Btn2 horizons); natric horizon - the zone from 8 to 22 inches (Btn1 and Btn2 horizons).