LOCATION PADONIA KS+NEEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Padonia silty clay loam - on a 6 percent slope in native pasture. Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silty clay loam; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, hard; sticky and plastic; common fine roots throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2--15 to 28 centimeters (6 to 11 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam; brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm, very hard; sticky and plastic; common fine roots throughout; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons are 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches) thick.)
Bt--28 to 56 centimeters (11 to 22 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay; brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very firm, very hard; very sticky and very plastic; few faint continuous clay films; few fine roots throughout; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 30 centimeters (8 to 12 inches) thick)
Btk--56 to 81 centimeters (22 to 32 inches); 70% dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), and 30% olive gray (5Y 4/2) silty clay; 70% yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and 30% olive gray (5Y 5/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very firm, very hard; very sticky and very plastic; few faint continuous clay films; few fine roots throughout; few fine rounded carbonate nodules; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 25 centimeters (6 to 10 inches) thick)
BCk--81 to 94 centimeters (32 to 37 inches); olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; sticky and plastic; few fine roots throughout; strongly effervescent; few fine rounded carbonate nodules; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) thick)
Cr--94 centimeters (37 inches); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) dry; partially weathered calcareous shale.
TYPE LOCATION: Brown County, Kansas; about 5 miles west and 4 miles north of Morrill; 381 meters (1250 feet) east and 121 meters (400 feet) north of the southwest corner of section 6 T. 1S, R. 15E
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section; Udic moisture regime.
Depth to paralithic contact: 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches) to calcareous shale
Depth to argillic horizon: 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 30 to 61 centimeters (12 to 24 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 18 to 51 centimeters (7 to 20 inches)
Carbonate concretions: depths less than 71 centimeters (28 inches).
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Sand content: 2 to 15 percent
Carbonates are in the form of concretions, films, or threads.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: Silty clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 40 percent
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral, ranges to strongly acid in cropland
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR upper part, 2.5Y or 5Y lower part
Value: 3 to 5 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: Silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Btk horizon:
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 3 to 5 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: Silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
BCk horizon if present:
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6 moist, 5 to 7 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: Silty clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 40 percent
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
The wide range of color is considered to be inherent of the varicolored
shale.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Romona and
Wamego soil.
Romona and Wamego soils do not have carbonates in the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Loess over clayey residumm weathered from calcareous shales.
Landform: Uplands
Slopes: 3 to 25 percent
Mean annual temperature: 12 to 13 degrees C (53 to 55 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 74 to 91 centimeters (29 to 36 inches)
Frost-free period: 165 to 185 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Martin,
Mayberry,
Morrill,
Oska,
Pawnee,
Shelby, and
Sogn soils.
Mayberry, Morrill, Pawnee, and Shelby soils are deep and occur on higher landscape positions.
Oska soils are moderately deep.
Sogn soils are shallow.
Oska and Sogn soils are on lower landscape positions.
Martin soils are deep and are immediately above and below Padonia soils.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: Well
Runoff: high or very high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: moderately low
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas used for range or pasture with gentler slopes cultivated.
Main crops are wheat, corn, or grain sorghum.
Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Dominantly in northeast Kansas. The series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brown County, Kansas, 1991. The name is from a small town in the county.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: The zone from 28 to 81 centimeters (11 to 32 inches). (Bt, Btk horizons)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 28 centimeters (0 to 11 inches). (Ap, A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 28 to 81 centimeters (11 to 32 inches). (Bt, Btk horizons)
Paralithic contact: The contact with calcareous shale at 94 centimeters (37 inches). (Cr horizons)
3/20/92 LLK
Question having a BCk without having evidence of carbonate accumulation. Added carbonates to BCk
Removed "unweathered" from the Cr.
Added slope range 3 to 5% in the capability and yield table on SOI-5.
Add clayey range site to the SOI-5
5/00 JCR
Changed format of OSD to semi-tabular from narrative.
Added Soil Interpretation Record clay content and sand content to "Range In Characteristics" and frost-free period to Geographic Setting.
Changed runoff from medium to high based on permeability and slope.
Added strongly acid to reaction class for those areas in cropland
11/2005 JCR added saturated hydraulic conductivity