LOCATION PAOLA FL
Established Series
Rev. ALF-CAP-AMS
10/2018
PAOLA SERIES
The Paola series consists of very deep, excessively drained soils that formed in sandy marine sediments. Paola soils are on hills, ridges, and flats on marine terraces. Slopes are linear to convex and range from 0 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 1397 millimeters (55 inches) and the mean annual temperature is about 23 degrees C (72 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Hyperthermic, uncoated Spodic Quartzipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Paola sand, in a linear to convex forest at elevation of 16 meters (53 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil.)
A--0 to 8 centimeters (0 to 3 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) sand; single grain; loose; organic matter and white (10YR 8/1) sand on the surface give the appearance of salt and pepper; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; very strongly acid pH 4.7; clear wavy boundary. [5 to 18 centimeters (2 to 7 inches) thick]
E--8 to 64 centimeters (3 to 25 inches); light gray (10YR 7/1) sand with few splotches of brown (10YR 5/3) and very dark brown (10YR 2/2) stains along old root channels; single grain; loose; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid pH 4.7; clear wavy boundary. [15 to 152 centimeters (6 to 60 inches) thick]
B/E--64 to 119 centimeters (25 to 47 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand (Bw); single grain; loose; few tongues filled with light gray (10YR 7/1) sand (E) ; outer edges of the tongues are stained with grayish brown (10YR 5/2) organic material that, in places, are weakly cemented; few to common, coarse to fine soft spherical very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) concretions throughout; thin layers of reddish brown (5YR 4/3) weakly cemented sand occur at irregular intervals at the contact between the E horizon and the B horizon; few fine roots; very strongly acid pH 4.7; gradual wavy boundary. [30 to more than 127 centimeters (12 to more than 50 inches) thick]
C--119 to 203 centimeters (47 to 80 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sand; single grain; loose; very strongly acid pH 4.7.
TYPE LOCATION: Seminole County, Florida; approximately 1.75 miles northwest of the intersection of State Road 426 and 419 in Oviedo, Florida. SE 1/4, SW 1/4, Sec. 4, T. 21 S., R. 31 E.; Latitude and Longitude; 28 degrees 41 minutes 17.7 seconds, north and 81 degrees 13 minutes 44.13 seconds, west, WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture control section: 10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches)
Solum thickness range: 152 to 203 centimeters (60 to 80 inches)
Aquic conditions: 183 to 203 centimeters (72 to 80 inches) or more
Ochric epipedon thickness: 20 to 180 centimeters (8 to 67 inches)
Depth to the albic horizon: 5 to 18 centimeters (2 to 7 inches)
Depth to the spodic materials: 20 to 170 centimeters (8 to 67 inches)
Reaction: ultra acid to neutral throughout, (pH less than 3.5 to 7.3) except where limed
Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Fine sand content: 30 to 75 percent
Silt content: 0 to 5 percent
Silt plus clay in the 25 to 100 centimeter (10 to 40 inch) control section is less than 5 percent.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or Neutral
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 7 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
E horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Thin E/B horizons occur in some pedons below the E horizon.
A thin discontinuous layer with hue 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 or 4 is beneath the E horizon in some pedons.
B/E horizon, Bw part (E colors same as listed in E horizon above):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: fine sand or sand
Tongues of E material are discontinuous within the Bw portion of the horizon.
Weakly cemented Bh fragments 1 to 2 inches thick are throughout this horizon.
Clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Thin E/B horizons occur in some pedons below the E horizon.
Many pedons have sand strippings with hue of 10YR, value of 6 to 8, and chroma of 1 or 2 in the lower part of the Bw horizon.
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 1 to 8
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
COMPETING SERIES:
Dade soils have limestone bedrock within 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches).
Orsino soils have water tables at depths of 122 to 152 centimeters (48 to 60 inches).
Welaka soils have 15 to 60 percent shell fragments below the spodic materials.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: sandy marine sediments and/or eolian deposits
Landscape: Lower Coastal Plain
Landform: hills, ridges, and flats on marine terraces
Slopes: 0 to 20 percent
Elevation: 0 to 50 meters (0 to 165 feet)
Mean annual temperature: 20 to 25 degrees C (68 to 77 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 1143 to 1524 millimeters (45 to 60 inches)
Frost-free period: 345 to 365 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Astatula,
Candler, and
St. Lucie soils lack spodic soil properties and are on similar landform positions.
Immokalee and
Myakka are poorly drained and are on lower landform positions.
Pomello soils have seasonal high water tables at depths of 46 to 152 centimeters (18 to 60 inches) and are on lower landform positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: excessively drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat): very high throughout
Permeability: very rapid throughout
Runoff: negligible to very low
Depth to seasonal high water table: 183 to 203 centimeters (72 to 80 inches) or more
USE AND VEGETATION:
Under natural conditions Paola soils are used for recreation and wildlife habitat, some areas are used for urban land.
Potential native vegetation consists of sand pine, slash pine, longleaf pine, scrub live oak, scattered turkey oak, and bluejack oak. The undergrowth consists of cacti, mosses, lichens, creeping dodder, rosemary, and scattered saw palmetto.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): Southern Florida Flatwoods (MLRA 155), South Central Florida Ridge (MLRA 154), Southern Florida Lowlands (MLRA 156B)
Extent: Large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED:
Lake County, Florida; 1970.
REMARKS:
Particle sized control section: 25 to 102 centimeters (10 to 40 inches)
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 64 centimeters (0 to 25 inches) (A, E horizons)
Albic horizon - 8 to 64 centimeters (3 to 25 inches) (E horizon)
Spodic materials - 64 to 119 centimeters (25 to 47 inches) (B/E horizon)
Uncoated family - contains less than 5 percent clay plus silt in the control section.
Soil classified according to the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data is available on the National Soil Survey website at: http://ncsslabdatamart.sc.egov.usda.gov/querypage.aspx
OSD User Site ID: 1984FL061005
OSD Pedon Site ID: 1984FL061005
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.