LOCATION PEEBLES WI

Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011

PEEBLES SERIES

The Peebles series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in clayey till on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 737 mm (29 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 8.3 degrees C (47 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Peebles silty clay - on a 2 percent convex slope cropped to oats at an elevation of about 255 meters (835 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches) thick]

AB--20 to 28 cm (8 to 11 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately acid; clear irregular boundary. [0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick]

Bt1--28 to 41 cm (11 to 16 inches); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very firm; some faint reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay films in pores and on faces of peds; some dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) organic stains; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--41 to 51 cm (16 to 20 inches); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; very firm; some faint reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay films in pores and on faces of peds; some dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) organic stains; few medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. [Combined thickness of Bt horizons ranges from 15 to 51 cm (6 to 20 inches).]

BC--51 to 64 cm (20 to 25 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; very firm; few dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) organic stains; some lime segregations; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual irregular boundary. [0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches) thick]

C1--64 to 79 cm (25 to 31 inches); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; very firm; many soft pinkish gray (5YR 7/2) accumulations of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual irregular boundary.

C2--79 to 152 cm (31 to 60 inches); reddish brown (5YR 5/3) clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; massive in lower part; very firm; distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) coatings along horizontal and vertical cleavage faces but coatings are less distinct with depth; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin; about 2 miles southwest of the city of Fond du Lac; about 1,320 feet north and 2,265 feet east of he SW corner of sec. 29, T. 15 N., R. l7 E. USGS Byron, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle;lat. 43 degrees 44 minutes 14 seconds N., and lLong. 88 degrees 29 minutes 49 seconds W., NAD 27

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of soil development: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Volume of gravel: 1 to 10 percent throughout the soil; free of rock fragments larger than 8 cm (3 inches)
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the upper part of the solum; slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the lower part and in the substratum
Depth to carbonates: in substratum; lower parts of B horizon in many pedons
Redox features and saturation: within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches) for 1 month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silty clay

Bt and BC horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay but grades to silty clay in the lower part in some pedons

C horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value; 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay or silty clay

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Other closely related series are Kewaunee, Ozaukee, Varna, and Winneconne. Kewaunee and Ozaukee, which are fine, and Winneconne soils, which are very-fine, do not have mollic epipedons. Varna soils have 10YR or yellower hue in the B horizon and the dominant clay mineral is illite in the B and C horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Peebles soils are on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. The Peebles soils formed in clayey till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 635 to 890 mm (25 to 35 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.2 to 11.1 degrees C (45 to 52 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kewaunee, Manawa, and Poygan soils. Kewaunee soils occupy similar landscape positions. The somewhat poorly drained Manawa and poorly drained Poygan series form a drainage sequence with the Peebles series.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low to moderately high (0.42 to 1.41 micrometer per second). Permeability is slow. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 31 cm to 91 cm (1.0 to 3.0 feet) for 1 month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grains, canning crops, and hay. Native vegetation is mainly prairie grasses, forbs, and widely spaced trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 95B in eastern Wisconsin. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, 1970.

REMARKS:
12/2006 ? Classification changed to Oxyaquic Argiudolls to reflect saturation within 102 cm (40 inches).

11/04 - NSSL data on the typical shows high bulk density (1.80 gm/cc) in the C2 horizon. Additional study is needed to determine if the series concept should be changed to dense till (Cd).

Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches) (Ap, AB); argillic horizon - 28 to 51 cm (11 to 20 inches) (Bt1, Bt2); oxyaquic feature redox accumulations and saturation within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number S59WI-039-003 for NSSL data on the typical pedon. (Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 17, pages 156 and 157.)

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.