LOCATION PEQUAMING MI+WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid Argic Endoaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Pequaming loamy sand - on a concave 2 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) loamy sand gray (7.5YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
E--6 to 11 inches; pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) loamy sand; weak medium granular structure; very friable; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bhs--11 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) loamy sand with common medium distinct mottles of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6); weak medium granular structure; very friable; about 30 percent of horizon is weakly cemented ortstein; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Bs--15 to 21 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loamy sand with common coarse distinct mottles of yellowish red (5YR 5/8); weak coarse granular structure; very friable; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
E'--21 to 23 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loamy sand with common medium distinct mottles of yellowish red (5YR 4/8); weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; tendency towards platiness upon drying; vesicular; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Bt--23 to 31 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) loamy sand with common faint mottles of yellowish red (5YR 4/6); massive; friable; very thin clay bridging between sand grains; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
C--31 to 60 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/3) loamy sand; massive; very friable; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Marquette County, Michigan; about 3.75 miles south and 1 mile east of Skandia; 800 feet north and 200 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 6, T. 45 N., R. 23 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 24 to 46 inches. The solum ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid. The C horizon is strongly acid to slightly acid. The solum contains up to 10 percent of gravel and cobbles. The C horizon contains up to 25 percent gravel and cobbles. Stony surface phses are also recognized.
Uncultivated areas have a black (5YR 2/1) or very dark gray (5YR 3/1) A horizon, 1 to 4 inches thick. In some areas the A horizon is absent and the E horizon is directly below a layer of forest duff. The E horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2.
The Bhs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 and chroma of 2 or 3. The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 6. Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together in this horizon.
The E' horizon has of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6 and chroma of 3 or 4. It is sand or loamy sand. This horizon often exhibits weak platy structure that is slightly hard when dry, but does not qualify as a fragipan.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 3 to 5. It is loamy sand or sandy loam. Some pedons have E/B or B/E horizons with colors and textures similar to the E' and Bt horizons. Some pedons with E/B or B/E horizons do not have Bt horizons.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 5YR, or 2.5YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 3 or 4. It is dominantly loamy sand and ranges to gravelly sandy loam or sandy loam. Some contain strata or pockets of sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Gladwin and Otisco soils in the same family. Gladwin soils have calcareous sand and gravel above 40 inches. Otisco soils are less acid in the lower part of the solum.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pequaming soils occupy level to gently sloping areas on till plains and moraines of Wisconsinan age. Slopes range from 0 to 4 percent. The climate is continental, with a mean annual precipitation of 30 to 36 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The well drained, sandy Keweenaw soils and moderately well drained, loamy Munising soils occupy nearby higher landscapes. The somewhat poorly drained, loamy Skanee soils and poorly drained, loamy Gay soils are common associates.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderately rapid or rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Pequaming soils are used for small grain, hay, pasture, and woodland. Common tree species include red maple, quaking aspen, sugar maple, balsam fir, northern white cedar, and white spruce.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western half of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and northeastern Wisconsin. The series is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Oneida County, Wisconsin. Source of name is small village in Baraga County,Michigan.
REMARKS: Classification changed to agree with ST Issue #17 on 2 Sept 94 by CLG. Diagonostic horizons and features recongized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 6 inches (Ap horizon); albic horizon - the zone from 6 to 11 inches and from 21 to 23 inches (E and E' horizons); spodic horizon - the zone from 11 to 21 inches (Bhs and Bs horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from 23 to 31 inches (Bt horizon).