LOCATION PERCY MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Percy loam with a slightly concave slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated field at 1039 feet above MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; friable; many fine and very fine roots; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons 7 to 14 inches thick)
Bk1--10 to 12 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine faint light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) redoximorphic concentrations; common very fine roots; few distinct discontinuous dark gray (10YR 4/1) organic coats on faces of peds; common fine distinct white (2.5Y 8/1) masses of carbonates between peds; about 2 percent gravel; about 2 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bk2--12 to 18 inches; grayish brownish (2.5Y 5/2) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine faint light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) redoximorphic concentrations; common very fine roots; common fine distinct white (2.5Y 8/1) masses of carbonates between peds; 2 percent gravel; 2 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Bk3--18 to 25 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and medium faint (2.5Y 6/3) and common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximoprphic concentrations; common very fine roots; common fine and medium faint pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) masses of carbonates between peds; 5 percent gravel; 2 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bk horizons 6 to 46 inches thick)
C1--25 to 74 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; massive; friable; many medium and coarse faint light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) redoximorphic concentrations; common medium faint pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) masses of carbonates between peds; 5 percent gravel; 2 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C1--74 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; massive; friable; common fine and medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; 5 percent gravel; 2 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Roseau County, Minnesota; about 1 mile south and 1/2 mile east of Ross; 200 feet south and 2,500 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 2, T. 162 N., R. 41 W. USGS Pinecreek, MN quadrangle Lat. 48 degrees 54 minutes 16 seconds N. Long. 95 degrees 53 minutes 33 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 14 inches. Depth to carbonates is 16 inches or less with carbonates at the surface in many pedons. The CaCO3 equivalent ranges from 25 to 40 percent below the Bk horizon. The thickness of the upper mantle ranges from 0 to 20 inches thick. The particle size control section averages 5 to 15 percent rock fragments. Lag lines are in the upper sediment or at the contact with the till in some pedons. They are sandy or gravelly and contain up to 35 percent rock fragments. The fragments are of mixed lithology, but limestone and granite are dominant components. Some areas have numerous cobbles, stones, or boulders on the surface. Total clay content of the series control section ranges to over 18 percent but noncarbonate clay content is less than 18 percent.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam sandy clay loam or their mucky analogues in the depressional phases. It is neutral to moderately alkaline.
Some pedons have a thin Bg horizon in the upper sediments. Where present, it has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is gravelly loamy sand, gravelly loamy fine sand, gravelly fine sandy loam, gravelly sandy loam, or gravelly loam. Some pedons have 2Bk horizons.
The Bk and 2Bk horizons have hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. They are fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam or loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 30 to 45 percent. Redoximorphic features are in all parts.
The C or 2C horizons have hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. They are fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam. They are slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 25 to 40 percent. Distinct or prominent redoximorphic features are in all parts.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Arveson, Hedman and Rockwell series. Arveson have less than 2 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Rockwell soils have less than 2 percent rock fragments in the upper part. All of these soils have less than 25 percent calciium carbonate equivalent below the Bk or 2Bk horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on plane and slightly concave positions on lake plains. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. They formed in loamy, calcareous till with a mantle of loamy water sorted sediments. The mean annual air temperature is 36 to 43 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is 18 to 24 inches. The frost-free period is 110 to 140 days. Elevation is 785 to 1,250 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Haug, Kratka, Nereson, Mavie, Skagen and Strathcona soils. Haug soils have a histic epipedon and are in lower lying areas. Kratka, Mavie and Strathcona soils are on similar landscape positions. The Kratka and Strathcona soils have 20 to 40 inches of sandy sediments over the glacial till. The Mavie soils have a horizon at least 6 inches thick that contains more than 35 percent rock fragments. The Nereson and Skagen soils occupy slightly higher convex positions. Nereson soils have a thin argillic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained and very poorly drained. Runoff is slow or ponded. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the upper part and moderate in the lower part. The apparent seasonal high water table is as high as 0.5 to 1.5 feet at some time from April to July in most years for the poorly drained phase. It is as high as plus 1 to 0.5 feet at some time from April to July for the very poorly drained (depressional) phase.
USE AND VEGETATION: Much of this soil is cropped to wheat, oats, barley, sunflowers, and specialized crops such as bluegrass for seed. Some areas are used for hay and pasture. A few areas are not used for crops and support a scattered growth of quaking aspen and brush. Original vegetation is tall grass prairie with some encroachment of trees, principally quaking aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Minnesota on the Glacial Lake Agassiz plain. Moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kittson County, Minnesota, 1975.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 10 inches (Ap horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from 10 to 25 inches (Bk1, Bk2 and Bk3 horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: For results of some laboratory analysis refer to MAES Central File Code Nos. 1507, 1233, 1267, 1268 and 3671. Soil Interpretation Record Numbers: MN0048, MN0510 (depressional phase).