LOCATION PETERMAN CA

Established Series
Rev. GAW/JWF/GWH
03/2023

PETERMAN SERIES

The Peterman series consists of deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in fine textured alluvium derived from mixed material. Peterman soils are on lower margins of alluvial fans, basin rim areas and have slopes of 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 4 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 63 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Peterman clay - on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at 2860 feet elevation. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. When described (5/10/72) the soil was dry to 5 inches and moist below.)

Ap--0 to 5 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; many very fine vesicular and interstitial pores- violently effervescent with disseminated lime; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0), abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)

C1ca--5 to 22 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure- hard, friable, sticky and plastic, common very fine vesicular pores- violently effervescent (28 percent calcium carbonate) with disseminated lime; lime segregated in fine and medium rounded hard white concretions and soft masses, about 5 to 10 percent by volume; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 20 inches thick)

C2ca--22 to 37 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine vesicular, few very fine tubular pores; violently effervescent (27 percent calcium carbonate) with disseminated lime; lime segregated in medium to large rounded soft masses and hard white irregular shaped concretions about 15 to 20 percent by volume; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); diffuse smooth boundary. (15 to 20 inches thick)

C3ca--37 to 55 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic common very fine tubular and vesicular pores; violently effervescent with disseminated lime; lime segregated in medium to large rounded white masses and hard white irregular shaped concretions, about 15 to 20 percent by volume; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (18 to 22 inches thick)

C4--55 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) clay, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine vesicular and few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent with disseminated lime; lime segregated in fine round soft masses and hard white irregular shaped concretions, about 3 to 5 percent by volume; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).

TYPE LOCATION: San Bernardino County, California- about three miles north of Lucerne Valley, and 1.4 miles east of Barstow Road, on the De Groat farm; in NE 1/4 SE 1/4, sec. 30, T. 5 N., R. 1 E; UTM zone 11 507240e, 3816467n NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the calcic horizon of hard lime concretions and soft masses ranges from 5 to 30 inches. The mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is about 65 degrees F. and the soil temperature is not below 47 degrees F. at any time. The soil is usually dry and is not continuously moist for as long as 60 days. It is moderately to strongly saline-alkali. Gypsum occurs in variable amounts in most pedons. Clay in the control section ranges from about 45 to 55 percent.

The A horizon, or upper 10 inches, is very pale brown or pale brown (10YR 7/3, 6/3). It is loam, clay loam or clay. Structure is weak fine and moderate fine and medium subangular blocky. In some areas, the upper 1 or 2 inches is weak very thin or thin platy. Disseminated lime is strongly effervescent to violently effervescent. Reaction ranges from moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline.

The C horizon is pale brown or very pale brown (10YR 6/3, 7/4). It has moderate or strong, medium or coarse subangular or angular blocky structure. Reaction ranges from moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline. The Cca horizon can be dug or augered without too much difficulty when moist, but can be intractable when dry. Segregated lime occurs in fine to large hard white irregular shaped concretions and soft masses which range in volume from 5 to 30 percent. The calcic horizon is typically about 36 inches thick but ranges from 24 to 50 inches. It has a calcium carbonate equivalent of 15 to 30 percent. The C horizons below the Cca horizon have at least 5 percent less disseminated and segregated lime than above horizons.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bousic, Glendale and Reakor series in other families. Bousic soils lack a calcic horizon. Glendale soils are fine-silty in the control section and lack a calcic horizon. Reakor soils are fine-silty in the control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Peterman soils are on lower margins of alluvial fans and basin rim areas. Slope is 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in fine textured alluvium derived from mixed sources. Elevations are 2850 to 2950 feet. The climate is arid with hot dry summers and cool partly moist winters. Some moisture falls occasionally as snow. Mean annual precipitation is 4 or 5 inches. Average January temperature is 46 degrees F.; average July temperature is 84 degrees F.; mean annual temperature is 61 to 65 degrees F. Average frost-free season is 210 to 255 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Bousic soils and the Lavic and Rosamond soils. Lavic soils are coarse-loamy. Rosamond soils have a fine-loamy control section.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow runoff; slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mostly for wildlife habitat. Some areas have been irrigated for field crops such as alfalfa, pasture, and small grains. Vegetation is sparse stands of shadscale and saline-alkali tolerant forbs and grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: PHOENIX, ARIZONA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: San Bernardino County, California, Mojave River Area, 1978.

REMARKS: Formerly classified as fine, mixed, thermic Typic Calciorthids, competing series were not updated at that time. UTM added 3/2009 - ET

Responsibility for this series was transferred from Davis to Phoenix 12/2015. The last revision to the series was 3/2009. ET

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.