LOCATION PISHPISHEE CATentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Pishpishee gravelly silt loam on a northeast facing 18 percent sloping dormant landslide bench under a cover of Douglas fir, tan oak, and Pacific madrone forest at an elevation of 1,330 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted) When described on June 27, 1991 the soil was slightly moist in the lower portion of the profile.
Oi--0 to 1 inches; hardwood litter and moss; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--1 to 3 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 25 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt wavy boundary.
Bt1--3 to 11 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few thin clay films on ped faces and lining pores; 25 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); very few 1 mm iron/manganese shot; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--11 to 31 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine, fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common thin and few moderately thick clay films on ped faces and common thin clay films lining pores; 30 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth boundary.
Bt3--31 to 45 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; many thin clay films on ped faces and lining pores; 30 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary.
Bt4--45 to 55 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; many thin and common moderately thick clay films on ped faces; 35 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary.
BCt--55 to 64 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; common thin clay films on ped faces and common moderately thick clay films lining pores; 45 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary.
Ct--64 to 68+ inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure to single grain; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium tubular pores; common thin clay films on ped faces and coatings on sand and fine gravels; 75 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5).
TYPE LOCATION: Siskiyou County, California; about 5 miles southeast of Somes Bar; approximately 528 feet west and 1,520 feet south of the northeast corner of Sec 18, T. 11 N., R. 7 E., MDB&M latitude 41 degrees 21 minutes 06 seconds North, longitude 123 degrees 24 minutes, 10 seconds West. Orleans Mountain Quadrangle (7.5 Minute series)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to a lithic contact is 65 to 85+ inches. The mean annual soil temperature is 48 to 53 degrees F. The soil moisture control section is dry in all parts from about mid-July to about mid-October (about 80-100 days). The particle size control section averages 17 to 31 percent clay, 18 to 35 percent sand, and 10 to 30 percent rock fragments, mostly gravel. Mineralogy is mixed. Organic matter ranges from 6.4 to 0.7 percent to a depth of 54 inches. Base saturation by sum of cations ranges from 20 to 50 percent and averages 33 percent in the control section. CEC by sum of cations ranges from 13.8 to 23.1 meq/100g and averages 17.4 meq/ 100g in the control section. CEC by estimation ranges from 13.3 to 18.0 meq/100g. Bulk density (moist) is assumed to be 1.45 to 1.55 g/cc. Rock fragments on the surface range from 0 to 20 percent gravel, and 0 to 1 percent cobbles.
The A horizon dry color is 7.5YR 3/2, 5/3, 5/4, or 10YR 4/3. Moist color is 7.5YR 3/2, 3/3, 3/4, 4/3, 4/4, 10YR 3/2 or 3/3. Texture is loam, gravelly loam, very gravelly loam or gravelly silt loam. Clay content ranges from 12 to 25 percent. Rock fragments range from 5 to 55 percent gravel and 0 to 1 percent cobbles. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Bt horizon dry color is 7.5YR 5/4, 5/6, 5/8, 6/4, 6/6, 10YR 3/4, 4/4, 5/4, 5/6, 6/4 or 6/6. Moist color is 7.5YR 3/4, 4/4, 4/6, 5/6, 10YR 3/4, 4/3, 4/4, or 4/6. Texture is loam, gravelly loam, gravelly silt loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, gravelly clay loam or clay loam. Clay content ranges from 15 to 29 percent. Rock fragments range from 5 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles. Reaction ranges from medium acid to neutral.
The BtC horizon dry color is 10YR 5/3, 6/4 or 6/7. Moist color is 10YR 3/3, 5/6 or 2.5Y 5/6. Texture is gravelly loam, gravelly sandy clay loam, extremely gravelly sandy loam or gravelly silt loam. Clay content ranges from 11 to 26 percent. Rock fragments range from 15 to 70 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent cobbles. Reaction is moderately to slightly acid.
The Ct horizon dry color is 10YR 6/4 or 4/4. Moist color is 10YR 3/3, 5/4 or 2.5Y 5/6. Texture is extremely gravelly loam, extremely gravelly sandy loam or gravelly silt loam. Clay content ranges from 13 to 24 percent. Rock fragments range from 15 to 75 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent cobbles. Reaction is moderately acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Beal, Boomer, Casabonne, Cherryhill, Cle Elum, Crozier, Fives, Holland, Hotaw, Latourell, Lettia, Para, Rosehaven, Speaker, Varelum and Wholy soils. Cle Elum, Crozier, Hotaw, Speaker, and Wohly are 20 to 40 inches to a lithic or paralithic contact. Casabonne, Cherryhill, Fives, Latourell, Lettia, Para, Rosehaven, and Varelum are 40 to 60 inches deep to a lithic or paralithic contact. Beal is moist for 45 to 60 days, has a gleyed layer and has 50-75% BS. Boomer has a mean annual soil temperature ranging from 54 to 59 degrees F and 50 to 75% BS. Holland has 20 to 30% coarse and very coarse sand, has 45-74% BS, lacks 10YR colors in the argillic horizon, has a MAST of 52-59 degrees F and only has sandy clay loam or clay loam textures in the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pishpishee soils are on mountain sideslopes and landslide benches. Slopes are 5 to 75 percent. These soils formed in residuum weathered from metasedimentary rocks. Elevation is 900 to 3,900 feet. Mean annual precipitation is 50 to 60 inches. The mean annual temperature is 47 to 54 degrees F. Frost-free season is 175 to 200 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Chaix, Holland, Kindig, Marpa, and Neuns soils. Chaix soils are on convex mountain sideslopes, are 20 to 40 inches deep to a paralithic or lithic contact and have a coarse-loamy control section. Holland soils are on broad gently sloping ridges, have 20-30% coarse and very coarse sand and form in granitic residuum. Marpa and Neuns soils are located on convex mountain sideslopes and are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact. Kindig soils are on convex to concave mountain sideslopes, are 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact and lack an argillic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for timber production, wildlife and watershed. Natural vegetation includes Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, sugar pine, tan oak, black oak, big leaf maple, canyon live oak, and poison oak.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Siskiyou County, California and occurs in the Lower Salmon Mountains (M261Af) subsection of the Klamath Mountains (M261A) section. MLRA is 5. The soils of this series are not extensive; their total extent at this time is about 3,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES PROPOSED: Siskiyou County, California 2001. Source of the name is from the Native American (Karuk) word for honey bee.
REMARKS: These soils were previously mapped as Goldridge Family in the Soil Survey of Klamath National Forest Area, California 1982.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - zone from soil surface to 3 inches (A1)
Argillic horizon - zone from 3 to 55 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4)
Lithic contact - The boundary is greater than 60 inches
Particle-size control section - zone from 3 to 23 inches
Soil moisture control section - zone from 5 to 13 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: This pedon was sampled by the US Forest Service and University of California, Riverside on 6/1991. Klamath National Forest pedon number is K91-20.