LOCATION PRISSEL WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, mesic Arenic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Prissel loamy sand - on a plane 1 percent slope in cropland at an elevation of about 812 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loamy sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine to medium roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Bw1--9 to 16 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--16 to 44 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bw3--44 to 48 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; loose; few very fine and fine roots; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bw horizons ranges from 32 to 70 inches)
2Bt1--48 to 52 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam with very thin strata of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; breaks to weak thick plates along depositional strata; few very fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt2--52 to 56 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam with very thin strata of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; breaks to weak thick plates along depositional strata; few faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and few medium prominent brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons ranges from 6 to 20 inches)
3BC--56 to 67 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) sand with very thin strata of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; single grain; loose; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and few medium prominent brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
3C--67 to 72 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; single grain; loose; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Pepin County, Wisconsin; about 4.5 miles east of Durand; 1150 feet north and 1150 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 30, T. 25 N., R. 12 W.
Latitude: 44 degrees 36 minutes 49 seconds N
Longitude: 91 degrees 52 minutes 34 seconds W
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the sandy mantle and depth to the stratified loamy and sandy alluvium ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Volume of sandstone channers ranges from 0 to 15 percent throughout the pedon. Redox accumulations and saturation occur within a depth of 72 inches. Saturation does not occur within a depth of 40 inches for than 1 month or more per year, in 6 or more out of 10 years.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. Reaction naturally ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral in Ap horizons where the soil is limed.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is typically sand or loamy sand but includes fine sand and loamy fine sand. Reaction naturally ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral where the soil is limed.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sand, or sand. Reaction naturally ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid, but ranges to neutral in the upper part where the soil is limed.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is stratified. Individual strata are mostly sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam, with thin (<3") strata of coarser texture. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid.
The 3BC and 3C horizons have hue of 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8. These horizons are stratified. Individual strata are mostly sand or fine sand with thin (typically <1") strata of finer texture. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Brice(T), Delton, Metea, Okee, Ormas, Puchyan, Rohrbeck, and Seward series. Brice soils have lamellae (E&Bt horizon) in the lower part of the argillic horizon and do not have redox features or saturation in the series control section. Delton and Seward soils have 35 percent or more clay in the lower part of the argillic horizon. Metea, Okee, Ormas, and Rohrbeck soils have free carbonates in the lower part of the series control section. Puchyan soils have more than 50 percent silt with 12 to 20 percent clay in the middle or lower part of the series control section, or in both.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Prissel soils are on treads and risers of valley trains. Slopes range from 0 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 to 51 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 135 to 160 days. Elevation ranges from 750 to 850 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Near the type location this is the Kevilar(T) series. The moderately well drained Kevilar soils are in positions similar to those of Prissel soils where there is a 20 to 40 inch loamy mantle.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is rapid in the sandy alluvium and moderate or moderately rapid in the underlying stratified alluvium. Prissel soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 3.5 to 6.0 feet for 1 month or more per year at some time during the period of October to June in 6 or more out of 10 years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Prissel soils are used for cropland. Corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay are the principal crops. A few areas remain in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed deciduous and pine forest. Common trees are northern pin oak, jack pine, red pine, and eastern white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Wisconsin. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pepin County, Wisconsin, 1998. Source of name is a local landmark (Prissel Valley).
REMARKS: Prior to 1996, Prissel soils were mapped as a loamy substratum phase of the Plainfield series. A Grossarenic subgroup is needed.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 9 inches (Ap); argillic horizon - 48 to 56 inches (2Bt1, 2Bt2); arenic feature - sandy particle size throughout a layer extending from the mineral soil surface to the top of an argillic horizon at a depth of 50 cm or more (0 to 48 inches; Ap, Bw1, Bw2, Bw3).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0601