LOCATION PANACKER                NV

Established Series
Rev. CWL/TM/JVC/JBF
06/2016

PANACKER SERIES

The Panacker series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in eolian deposits over alluvium and lacustrine deposits derived from limestone and welded tuff. Panacker soils are on alluvial flats. Slopes are 2 to 4 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 150 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Sodic Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Panacker fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with about 20 percent cyanobacteria which are evident when wet.

A--0 to 13 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong thick platy structure parting to moderate thin platy; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine, and common fine and few medium vesicular pores; 12 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)

Bw--13 to 33 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine, and few fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium interstitial and tubular pores; 12 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick)

Bkk1--33 to 64 cm; white (10YR 8/1) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and medium, and common fine roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium interstitial and tubular pores; secondary calcium carbonate is finely disseminated; 20 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); gradual smooth boundary.

Bkk2--64 to 99 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine, fine, and medium interstitial and tubular pores; secondary calcium carbonate is finely disseminated, and many (25 percent) coarse irregular masses; 20 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 10.1); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 25 to 76 cm)

2Bkqn--99 to 185 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium interstitial pores; secondary calcium carbonate is finely disseminated, common (5 percent) irregular masses of secondary calcium carbonate on faces of peds in upper part; 2 percent hard and brittle, moderately cemented durinodes; 14 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; about 4.2 miles southwest of the Ely Springs Ranch in Dry Lake Valley and about 50 feet north of jeep trail; approximately 2,650 feet north and 1,800 feet east of the southwest corner of section 14, T. 1 S., R. 64 E.; USGS Deadman Spring SE 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 51 minutes 48 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 46 minutes 54 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.8633333 latitude, -114.7816667 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist for short periods in winter and early spring and intermittently moist in some part for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 13 to 15 degrees C.
Depth to calcic horizon: 10 to 38 cm.
Salinity (EC): 0 to 2 mmhos/cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 35 percent.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 5 percent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Bw horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent.
Carbonate clay content: 2 to 10 percent.
Structure: Strong or moderate, medium to coarse subangular blocky.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Sodicity (SAR): 0 to 5.

Bkk horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3 dry, 2 through 4 moist.
Texture: Sandy loam or sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent.
Carbonate clay content: 2 to 10 percent.
Structure: Strong or moderate, medium to coarse subangular blocky and moderate very thick platy structure parting to subangular blocky.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
Carbonate accumulation stage: Stage III with about 75 to 100 percent plugging of fine pores.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline.
Sodicity (SAR): 2 to 30.

2Bkqn horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2 dry, 1 through 3 moist.
Texture: Fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam. Some pedons contain discontinuous pockets of loamy sand.
Clay content: Averages 18 to 35 percent.
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 5 percent.
Structure: Moderate or strong very thick platy or strong or moderate, medium to coarse subangular blocky.
Durinodes: 2 to 15 percent moderately to strongly cemented durinodes.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent of the less than 2 mm fraction.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 30.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Panacker soils are on alluvial flats. These soils formed in eolian deposits over alluvium and lacustrine deposits derived from limestone and welded tuff. Slopes are 2 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 1,387 to 1,433 meters. The mean annual precipitation is 125 to 180 mm, the mean annual temperature is 12 to 14 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 120 to 160 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Ambush, Geer and Saltydog soils. Ambush soils occur on alluvial flats and have 10 to 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Geer soils occur on alluvial plains and have less than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Saltydog soils are deeper to the calcic horizon and do not have horizons of secondary silica accumulation.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Panacker soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation includes Indian ricegrass, galleta, fourwing saltbush, and winterfat. This pedon is correlated to ecological site R029XY046NV, Sandy Loam 5-8 P.Z.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Nevada. These soils are not extensive with about 4,000 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 29.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, Nevada, North Part, 2006.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A horizon and part of the Bw horizon).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 33 to 99 cm (Bkk1 and Bkk2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bkk1 and Bkk2 horizons and parts of the Bw and 2Bkqn horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Available as pedon ID S05NV-017-002 (pedon # 05N0663).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.