LOCATION PINALENO                AZ+NM

Established Series
Rev. FWG/YHH/PDC
04/2011

PINALENO SERIES

The Pinaleno series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in fan alluvium from mixed rock. Pinaleno soils are on fan terraces and stream terraces. Slopes are 0 to 45 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 10 inches and the mean annual air temperature is about 62 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Calciargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Pinaleno very gravelly clay loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 1 inch; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) very gravelly clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak thick platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 40 percent subrounded gravel and 5 percent cobble; noneffervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)

Bt--1 to 5 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) gravelly clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 40 percent subrounded gravel and 5 percent cobble; noneffervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)

Btk1--5 to 12 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) very gravelly clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 55 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; common calcium carbonate filaments; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 31 inches thick)

Btk2--12 to 24 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few distinct clay films lining pores and on faces of peds; 35 percent gravel; violently effervescent; many soft calcium carbonate masses; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 20 inches thick)

C--24 to 60 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine interstitial pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Maricopa County, Arizona; 2,400 feet west and 330 feet south of the northeast corner of section 1, T. 6 N., R. 8 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section during July-September and December-February. Driest during May and June. Typic aridic soil moisture regime.

Rock fragments: Averages 35 to 70 percent gravel and cobble in the control section

Soil temperature: 59 to 72 degrees F.

Thickness of solum: 15 to 40 inches

Depth to calcic horizon: 5 to 40 inches

A horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 6, dry or moist
Organic matter: less than 1 percent

Bt horizons
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 7 moist
Chroma: 3 or 6, dry or moist
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam (18 to 35 percent clay)
Calcium carbonate: upper part noncalcareous; lower part more than 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent

Bk or C horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 5YR
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 2 through 6 moist
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, sandy loam, loamy sand (10 to 25 percent clay)
Calcium carbonate: 8 to 25 percent or more calcium carbonate equivalent

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Oldwoman (T)(CA) series. Oldwoman soils have durinodes and less than 18 percent clay in the control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pinaleno soils are on fan terraces and stream terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 45 percent. Elevations range from 1,500 to 5,400 feet. They formed in mixed alluvium. Mean annual air temperature is 58 to 70 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is 8 to 12 inches and falls as rain mainly in July and August and much of the remainder in December, January, and February. The frost-free period is 180 to 280 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Anthony, Queencreek, Brazito, Continental, and Gila soils. Queencreek soils are sandy-skeletal. Continental, Gila, Anthony, and Brazito soils are not skeletal.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderately slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing. Vegetation is a sparse cover of creosotebush, cacti, mesquite, sixweeks grama and annuals.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. MLRAs 40, 41, 42. The Pinaleno soils are moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eastern Maricopa-Northern Pinal Counties Area, Arizona; 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 1 inch (A horizon)

Argillic horizon - the zone from 1 to 24 inches (Bt, Btk1, Btk2 horizons)

Calcic horizon - the zone from 12 to 24 inches (Btk2 horizon)

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

The classification was changed from loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplargids to loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Calciargids in 2003 due to changes in soil classification

Revised for the correlation of Graham County, AZ, Southwestern Part; March, 2011, WWJ

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL S77AZ009004 S60NM013009 S66NM013016 S67NM013004 S67NM013005

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.