LOCATION QUINN IN

Established Series
Rev. IP-RD-FWS
09/2012

QUINN SERIES

The Quinn series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in loamy outwash on outwash plains. They are deep to sandy and gravelly outwash. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 991 mm (39 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.0 degrees C (50 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Quinn loam, on a less than 1 percent slope in a forested area at an elevation of 222 meters (728 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 10 cm (4 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [8 to 15 cm (3 to 6 inches) thick]

E--10 to 18 cm (4 to 7 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) loam; weak thick platy structure; friable; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) worm casts and fills in old root channels; common iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 20 cm (8 inches) thick]

Btg1--18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds and as linings in pores; many medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) thick]

Btg2--30 to 48 cm (12 to 19 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films in old root channels, as linings in pores, and on faces of peds; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

Btg3--48 to 69 cm (19 to 27 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) sandy loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky; firm; common distinct silt coatings on faces of peds and as linings in pores; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium iron-manganese concretions; few gravel and shale fragments (5 to 10 percent); very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary. [15 to 41 cm (6 to 16 inches) thick]

Btg4--69 to 107 cm (27 to 42 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) sandy loam; weak coarse prismatic structure, friable; pockets of loamy sand; common faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films as linings in pores; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium iron-manganese concretions; few gravel and fine shale fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches) thick]

Btg5--107 to 119 cm (42 to 47 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films as linings in pores and on faces of peds; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common iron-manganese concretions; few gravel and fine shale fragments (5 to 10 percent); strongly acid; clear broken boundary. [10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 inches) thick]

Cg--119 to 183 cm (47 to 72 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand and sand; single grain; loose; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; 5 to 20 percent gravel and shale fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C--183 to 203 cm (72 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand and gravelly sand; single grain; loose; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 5 to 20 percent gravel and shale fragments; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: St. Joseph County, Indiana; about 3 1/2 miles southeast of New Carlisle along Edison Road; 380 feet west and 240 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 5, T. 37 N., R. 1 E.; USGS Lydick, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 41 minutes 35.3 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 25 minutes 46.56 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 547464 easting and 4615870 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Reaction: typically very strongly or strongly acid in the solum but individual horizons in some pedons are moderately acid

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 1
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or silt loam

Ap horizon: (where present)
Thickness: 15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, sandy loam, or loam

E horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or silt loam

Btg horizon: (upper part)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or sandy loam; individual horizons in some pedons are clay loam or sandy clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent

Btg horizon: (lower part)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: stratified sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or loamy sand, or their gravelly analogues
Rock fragment content: 5 to 20 percent

Cg or C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: loamy sand or sand, or their gravelly or very gravelly analogues
Rock fragment content: commonly 5 to 30 percent but ranges to more than 40 percent in some pedons; dominantly of shale

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Similar soils in closely related families are the Morocco, Pinhook, and Tedrow series. Morocco and Tedrow soils do not have an argillic horizon and are mixed, mesic Aquic Udipsamments. Pinhook soils have an A horizon more than 15 cm (6 inches) thick with value of 3 or less and are coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Mollic Endoaqualfs.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Quinn soils are on outwash plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Quinn soils formed in outwash that is moderately high in shale and low in carbonates. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 762 to 965 mm (30 to 38 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 8.9 to 11.1 degrees C (48 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period is 130 to 170 days. Elevation is 177 to 311 meters (580 to 1,020 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alida, Coupee, Door, Hanna, Lydick, and Tracy soils. The Quinn soils are the poorly drained member of a drainage sequence that includes the moderately well drained Hanna soils and the well drained Tracy soils. The Alida, Coupee, Door, and Lydick soils formed in similar materials and are closely associated. The somewhat poorly drained Alida soils are on slightly higher swells. The well drained Coupee, Door, and Lydick soils are on higher lying swells, summits, and backslopes.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table is within 30 cm (1 foot) of the surface for some time in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the loamy outwash and high or very high in the underlying sandy and gravelly outwash. Permeability is moderate in the loamy outwash and rapid or very rapid in the underlying sandy and gravelly outwash.

USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are predominantly cropped, but a few areas are wooded. Corn, soybeans, small grain, and legume-grass mixtures are the principal crops. Native vegetation is mixed forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 98 in northern Indiana. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: St. Joseph County, Indiana, 1945.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 18 cm (7 inches) (A, E horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth to 18 to 119 cm (7 to 47 inches) (Btg horizon).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present in all horizons below 10 cm (4 inches).

NASIS Data Mapunit ID 401633 represents the typical pedon.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 401779 represents the sandy loam surface phase.

ADDITIONAL DATA: The Beltsville laboratory personnel sampled two profiles of Quinn soils for characterization in 1970. Lab characterization data is available for the typical pedon (S70IN-141-002) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory in Lincoln, NE. Transect data (T00IN-141-050) for the typical pedon is on file in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 40 percent Quinn soils, 20 percent wet Alida soils, 30 percent Auten soils, and 10 percent Bourbon soils.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.