LOCATION REDFLAME                NV

Established Series
Rev. CEJ/GJS/JBF
03/2016

REDFLAME SERIES

The Redflame series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. These soils are on fan aprons. Slopes are 4 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 180 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Redflame very gravelly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with about 60 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles.

A1--0 to 5 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong thin platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common fine vesicular pores; 40 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm thick)

A2--5 to 13 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; few very fine vesicular and tubular pores; 25 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 cm thick)

2Bt--13 to 36 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; common distinct clay films on ped faces and lining pores; 35 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary.

3Bqk--36 to 79 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; 45 percent discontinuous weak silica cementation; 55 percent gravel; common fine and medium carbonate seams and concretions; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear irregular boundary. (15 to 60 cm thick)

3C--79 to 91 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; single grained, loose, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 20 cm thick)

3Cq--91 to 107 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; single grained; loose, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 20 percent 5 to 10 millimeters strong durinodes; 55 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 28 cm thick)

3Ck--107 to 152 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; single grained; loose, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Lander, County, Nevada; approximately 22 miles southeast of Battle Mountain, about 1,000 feet west and 450 feet north of the southeast corner of section 17, T. 28 N., R. 47 E.; USGS Tenabo 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 17 minutes 33 seconds N and longitude 116 degrees 41 minutes 36 seconds W;
WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.2927778 latitude, -116.6933333 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist for short periods in winter and spring, dry may through October; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to Bqk horizon: 25 to 40 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 20 to 30 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent, mainly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.

2Bt horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Very gravelly loam or very gravelly clay loam.

3Bqk and 3Cq horizons
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 through 6.
Cementation: 20 to 60 percent discontinuous weak silica cementation or strongly cemented durinodes.

3C and 3Ck horizons
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 through 6.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Ardivey series.

The Ardivey soils are moist for short periods in the summer and have unconformable extremely gravelly loamy sand at a depth of 30 to 50 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Redflame soils are on fan aprons. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 4 to 15 percent. Elevations are 1,495 to 1,830 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with hot, dry summers and cold, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 130 to 200 mm; mean annual temperature is 6 to 10 degrees C.; and the frost-free season is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kingingham, Oxcorel, and Whirlo soils. Kingingham and Oxcorel have a fine textured natric horizon. Also, Kingingham have an indurated duripan at a depth of 50 to 76 cm. Whirlo soils have a cambic horizon and 5 to 15 percent clay in the particle-size control section.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; slow or medium runoff; moderately slow permeability; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly shadscale, bud sagebrush, Indian ricegrass, and bottlebrush squirreltail.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 24.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lander County, (North Part) Nevada, 1985.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 13 cm (the A1 and A2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from about 13 to 36 cm. (the 2Bt horizon).
Duric horizon - The zone from about 36 to 79 cm. (the 3Bqk horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from about 13 to 36 cm (the 2Bt horizon).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.