LOCATION REMUS MI

Established Series
Rev. DJ-PW-MLK
08/2012

REMUS SERIES

The Remus series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in loamy till on ground moraines and end moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 813 mm (32 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 8.3 degrees C (47 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Haplic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Remus sandy loam , on a southwest-facing, convex, 5 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 15 cm (6 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; about 4 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches) thick]

E--15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common very fine roots; about 5 percent gravel and cobbles; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 36 cm (14 inches) thick]

E/B--23 to 46 cm (9 to 18 inches); 70 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam (E); moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; common very fine pores; very hard when dry, friable when moist; extending into or completely surrounding isolated remnants of brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam (Bt); moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; few fine roots; about 5 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 41 cm (16 inches) thick]

B/E--46 to 58 cm (18 to 23 inches); 85 percent brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam (Bt); weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on surfaces of some peds; surrounded or penetrated by tongues of pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam (E); few fine roots; about 5 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 48 cm (19 inches) thick]

Bt--58 to 81 cm (23 to 32 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; many distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. [15 to 79 cm (6 to 31 inches) thick]

BC--81 to 152 cm (32 to 60 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; about 2 percent gravel; neutral. [0 to 81 cm (32 inches) thick]

TYPE LOCATION: Mecosta County, Michigan; about 6 miles south and 1 mile east of Remus; 1,716 feet north and 150 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 23, T. 13 N., R. 7 W.; USGS Edmore topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 29 minutes 59.346 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 7 minutes 27.461 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 102 cm (40 inches) or more
Depth to carbonates: 102 cm (40 inches) or more
Rock fragment content: 1 to 15 percent gravel and cobbles throughout
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral in the solum

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy sand

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy sand

E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy sand

E part of the E/B and B/E horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy sand
Brittleness: brittle when dry; roots do not penetrate the matrix of the brittle material
Amount of E material: 15 to 75 percent

Bt part of the E/B and B/E horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam

Some pedons have a Bw horizon.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam
Clay content: ranges from 10 to 30 percent, but averages 18 to 25 percent

BC horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or sandy loam

C horizon, where present within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam; pockets of sand or loamy sand are in some pedons
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Filer series. Filer soils have carbonates within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Remus soils are on ground moraines and end moraines of Wisconsinan age. Slopes typically are 0 to 18 percent, but range from 0 to 60 percent. The Remus soils formed in loamy till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 762 to 813 mm (30 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 7.2 to 9.4 degrees C (45 to 49 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Locke, Marlette, Owosso, and Spinks soils. Locke soils are somewhat poorly drained and are in a drainage sequence with Remus soils. Spinks soils are coarser textured. The moderately well drained Marlette soils are finer textured. Owosso soils have a finer textured substratum than Remus soils. Marlette, Owosso, and Spinks soils are on similar topographic positions as Remus soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Potential for surface runoff is low to very high depending on the slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderately slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: A large portion of the gentle slopes are cultivated. Corn, alfalfa, and small grain are the principal crops. Other areas are in woodland.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 96 and 98 in the central portion of lower Michigan. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mecosta County, Michigan, 1982.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 23 cm (9 inches) (Ap and E horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 46 to 81 cm (18 to 32 inches) (Bt part of B/E and Bt horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 23 to 58 cm (9 to 23 inches) (E/B and B/E horizons)

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.