LOCATION ROSENWALL TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Rosenwall fine sandy loam -- forested, elevation is 78 m (255 ft) (Elevation estimated from topographic software, following location directions below). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 15 cm (0 TO 6 in); brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine pores; few quartzite pebbles ranging from 0.75 inch to 1.25 inches in diameter; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 8 to 30 cm [3 to 12 in].)
Bt1--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in); dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; few fine pores; faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 20 cm [4 to 8 in].)
Bt2--30 to 41 cm (12 to 16 in); dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many medium and coarse roots; few fine pores; faint clay films on faces of peds; few fragments of gray shale; many fine distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) lithochromic mottles; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 20 cm [4 to 8 in].)
Bt3--41 to 51 cm (16 to 20 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many medium and coarse roots; few fine pores; faint clay films on faces of peds; common fragments of shale 5 to 15 mm across; common fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) lithochromic mottles; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) lithochromic mottles; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 20 cm [0 to 8 in].)
B/C--51 to 69 cm (20 to 27 in); stratified dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) clay and hard gray shaly clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; massive; hard; few medium and coarse roots; few fine pores; common fine distinct dark red lithochromic mottles and coatings; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 20 cm [0 to 8 in].)
Cr--69 to 76 cm (27 to 30 in); stratified strongly cemented thin sandstone layers and gray shale; massive; hard; the interstices are filled with gray clay; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Walker County, Texas; from Texas Highway 19 in Trinity, Texas, 6.1 miles west on Farm Road 230; north 4.1 miles on Chalk Cemetery Road; west 1100 feet on logging road; 90 feet south of road in woods. (Latitude: 31 degrees, 1 minute, 5.51 seconds N; Longitude: 95 degrees, 28 minutes, 16.48 seconds W. (Coordinates estimated from location directions and topographic software) Lovelady South, TX TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLE; NAD 83).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for as long as 90 cumulative days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 20 to 22 degrees C (68 TO 72 degrees F)
Depth to paralithic contact: 50 to 100 cm (20 TO 40 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 8 to 30 cm (3 to 12 in)
Thickness of the solum: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 60 to 75 percent
A Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam
Clay content: 8 to 20 percent
Rock fragments: 1 to 2 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)
E Horizon, where present
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: fine sandy loam
Clay content: 8 to 20 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)
Bt1 Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: clay
Clay content: 60 to 75 percent
Clay films: on ped faces
Lithochromic mottles: shades of dark red, strong brown, and light brownish gray range from none to common
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)
Bt2 Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 TO 5
Chroma: 2 TO 8
Texture: clay
Clay content: 60 to 75 percent
Clay films: on ped faces
Lithochromic mottles: shades of red, brown, yellow and gray
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent
Base saturation: less than 35 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)
Lower Bt Horizon, where present
Hue: 5YR 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: clay
Clay content: 60 to 75 percent
Clay films: on ped faces
Lithochromic mottles: shades of red, brown and yellow
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Base saturation: less than 35 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)
B/C, BtC, BC or CB Horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: clay and variable
Some horizons include weakly cemented sandstone or siltstone
Clay films: where present - on ped faces or stone fractures
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Base saturation: less than 35 percent
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid (3.6 to 6.0)
Cr Horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Reaction: extremely acid to strongly acid (3.6 to 5.5)
COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar soils are
Aragon,
Bengal,
Bonwier,
Coghill,
Cunningham,
Cuthbert,
Darley,
Enders,
Galilee,
Kirvin,
Nectar,
Remlap and
Urland, series.
Aragon soils: have kaolinitic minerology and have a solum more than 100 cm (40 in) deep over cherty limestone and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Bengal soils: formed in colluvium over Pennsylvanian age shale on uplands of the
Ouachita Mountains and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Bonwier soils: Bonwier soils formed in Pleistocene age sediments on the
Willis
Formation and have less than 60 percent clay throughout the solum
Coghill soils: formed over quartzose limestone and calcareous sandstone and shale of Ordovician age and are in a semiactive activity class and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Cunningham soils: have consolidated shale bedrock at 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) deep and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Cuthbert soils: are in a semiactive activity class and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Darley soils: have kaolinitic minerology, have a solum more than 60 inches thick and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Enders soils: occur on tops, sideslopes and footslopes of mountains and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Galilee soils: are browner in color, have less than 55 percent clay throughout the solum, and do not have lithochromic mottles in shades of gray in the lower part of the solum and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Kirvin soils: are in a semiactive activity class, have a solum thickness of 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Nectar soils: have kaolinitic minerology, and have a solum thickness of 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Remlap soils: have a solum more than 60 inches thick, formed in residuum weathered from interbedded limestone and shale and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Urland soils: have a solum thickness of 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: sandstone and shaly clays derived from clayey marine sediments
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: interfluve
Slope: 1 to 15 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 19 to 21 degrees C (66 to 70 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1016 to 1219 mm (40 to 48 in)
Frost-free period: 230 to 250 days
Elevation: 90 to 180 m (300 to 600 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 68 to 84
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Cuthbert(TX),
Gomery(TX),
Goreen(TX)
Moswell(TX) and
Sacul(AR) series.
Cuthbert soils: are in a semiactive activity class and have less than 60 percent clay in the control section
Gomery soils: have a sandy epipedon 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) thick and have a solum thickness of 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Goreen soils: have a gleyed argillic horizon, and have aquic conditions within a depth of 20 inches
Moswell soils: soils have smectitic minerology and have a solum thickness of more than 40 inches
Sacul soils: have redoximorphic depletions within the upper 60 cm ( 24 in) of the argillic horizon and have a solum thickness greater than 100 cm (40 in)
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: moderately well drained; very slowly permeable. Runoff is very high. On slopes less than about 5 percent, the epipedon is saturated after periods of high rainfall for less than 30 cumulative days in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for native forests. Native vegetation consists of loblolly and shortleaf pine mixed with hardwoods and an understory of eastern little bluestem, longleaf uniola, purpletop, and panicum grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plain, MLRA 133B; Land Resource Region (P); MLRA 133B; the series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Walker County, Texas, 1975; Walker County soil survey area, Texas, 1979.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 15 to 65 (6 to 26 in) (B horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in). (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 15 to 51 cm (6 to 20 in). (Bt horizons)
Paralithic contact: The contact with stratified strongly cemented thin sandstone layers and gray shale at 69 cm (27 in). (Cr horizon)
Additional Comments:
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by TAMU laboratory data, sample number S80TX-005-13 from Angelina County, Texas.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle-size analysis tests were performed at the Nacogdoches project office on 3 pedons from Sabine County, Texas.
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006