LOCATION URLAND TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Urland fine sandy loam, elevation is 58 m (190 ft) (Elevation estimated from topographic software, following location directions below) (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and medium roots; few coarse roots; few ironstone pebbles up to 2 cm across; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness is 5 to 20 cm [2 to 8 in].)
E--8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 in); ; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and medium roots; few coarse roots; few ironstone pebbles up to 2 cm across; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness is 5 to 25 cm [2 to 10 in].)
Bt1--25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate fine blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine, medium and coarse roots; continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) lithochromic mottles; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness is 25 to 64 cm [10 to 25 in].)
Bt2--61 to 122 cm (24 to 48 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few medium and coarse roots; continuous clay films on faces of peds; common medium faint yellowish red (5YR 4/6) and few fine distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) lithochromic mottles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness is 25 to 64 cm [10 to 25 in].)
Cd--122 to 165 cm (48 to 65 in); stratified brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay loam, white (10YR 8/1) clay, and pink (5YR 7/4) soft sandstone, which are in layers less than 1 inch thick; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Newton County, Texas; from F.R. 505 in Newton, 8.1 miles southeast on U.S. Highway 190, 4.6 miles northeast on Farm Road 2626; 1.1 mile east on county road; 4.5 miles north and northeast on forest road to intersection; 1.0 mile southeast along forest road; 75 feet north in forest. (Latitude: 30 degrees, 51 minutes, 18.96 seconds N; Longitude: 93 degrees, 35 minutes, 10.79 seconds W. (Coordinates estimated from location directions topographic software) De Ridder, LA (TX) TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLE; NAD 83).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for as long as 90 cumulative days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 20 to 22 degrees C (68 to 72 degrees F)
Depth to densic layers: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 46 cm (4 to 18 in)
Thickness of the solum: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Vertic features: none
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
A Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam or gravelly fine sand loam
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent (fsl); 3 to 10 (grfsl)
Rock fragments: Ironstone pebbles and fragments range from 0 to 25 percent by volume
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.5
E Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam or gravelly fine sand loam
Clay content: 5 to 18 percent (fsl); 3 to 10 (grfsl)
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent by volume, ironstone pebbles
Reaction: 5.1 to 6.5
Bt1 Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: clay, clay loam or sandy clay
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Clay films: on faces of peds, distinct
Relic mottles: 0 to 10 percent; shades of red, yellow, brown and gray
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, ironstone pebbles
Reaction: 4.5 to 5.5
Bt2 Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: clay, clay loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 17 to 40 percent
Clay films: on faces of peds, faint
Relic mottles: 1 to 10 percent; shades of red, yellow, brown and gray
Base saturation: 15 to 35 percent
Reaction: 4.5 to 5.5
BC Horizon, where present
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: variable, ranges from sandy loam to sandy clay loam
Clay content: 17 to 35 percent
Relic mottles: 5 to 25 percent; shades of red, yellow, brown and gray
Effervescence: none
Reaction: 4.5 to 5.5
Cd Horizon
Hue: red, brown, yellow, gray, white, and pink
Texture: loamy to clayey
Reaction: 3.6 to 5.5
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Enders,
Noah and
Williamsville series. Similar soils are the
Bengal,
Bonwier,
Cunningham,
Fluvanna,
Galilee and
Remlap series.
Enders soils: are underlain by paralithic shale bedrock at 100 to more than 150 cm (40 to more than 60 in)
Noah soils: are underlain by paralithic shale bedrock at 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Williamsville soils: have a solum thickness of 150 to more than 200 cm (60 to more than 80 in)
Bengal soils: have a solum thickness of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) and are underlain by paralithic shale bedrock at that depth
Bonwier soils: have a solum thickness of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) and are underlain by paralithic bedrock at that depth
Cunningham soils: are underlain by paralithic shale bedrock at 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Fluvanna soils: are underlain by a paralithic layer within 150 cm (60 in)
Galilee soils: have a solum thickness of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) and are underlain by paralithic shale bedrock at that depth
Remlap soils: have a solum thickness of more than 150 cm (60 in)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: stratified sandstone and clay derived from marine sediments
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: upland interfluve
Slope: 1 to 15 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 19 to 21 degrees C (66 to 70 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1170 to 1475 mm (46 to 58 in)
Frost-free period: 240 to 250 days
Elevation: 60 to 185 m (200 to 600 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: exceed 72
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Bonwier(TX),
Boykin(TX),
Doucette(TX),
Newco(TX),
Pinetucky(TX),
Rogan(TX),
Stringtown(TX) and the
Shankler(TX) series.
Bonwier soils: have a solum thickness of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) and occur on sideslopes
Boykin soils: have a sandy surface 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) thick and a solum thickness greater than 150 cm (60 in)
Doucette soils: have a sandy surface 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) thick and have a layer with 5 to 20 percent plinthite within 75 to 150 cm (30 to 60 in)
Newco soils: are on lower lying concave positions and have redox depletions and aquic conditions within the upper 24 inches of the argillic horizon
Pinetucky soils: have less than 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon, and have plinthite segregations in the subsoil
Rogan soils: have less than 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon, and have plinthite segregations in the subsoil
Stringtown soils: have less than 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon
Shankler soils: have a sandy surface 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) thick, and have less than 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium to high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for woodland and pasture. Native vegetation consists of loblolly, shortleaf, and slash pines, red oak, sweetgum, and other hardwood trees, with an understory of grasses and shrubs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: southeastern Texas and western Louisiana; Land Resource Region (P); MLRA 133B; the series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newco County, Texas, 1980; Jasper-Newton Counties soil survey area, Texas, 1982.
REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Kirvin series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 in). (Bt horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in). (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon: 25 to 122 cm (10 to 48 in). (Bt horizons)
Densic horizon: 122 to 165 cm (48 to 65 in). (Cd horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006