LOCATION SHINDLER SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Udorthentic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Shindler clay loam - on a north-facing plane slope of 26 percent in native grass. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 7 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--7 to 11 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) and very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) crushing to very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many worm casts, many fine root channels and pores; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bk1--11 to 17 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) clay loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; weak coarse and very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky, plastic; common worm casts; few fine accumulations of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bk2--17 to 35 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) clay loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) moist; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky, plastic; few worm casts; few fine iron accumulations; few fine and medium segregations of lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bk horizons is 15 to 45 inches thick.)
C--35 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) clay loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; common fine and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; common fine distinct olive gray (5Y 5/2) redox depletions; massive; hard, firm, sticky, plastic; common fine iron accumulations; few fine and medium segregations of lime; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, South Dakota; about 2 miles south of Fairview; 192 feet west and 159 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 27, T. 97 N., R. 48 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The carbonate free part of the solum typically ranges from 6 to 8 inches; however, some pedons contain free carbonates to the surface. The control section averages between 25 and 35 percent clay and more than 15 percent fine or coarser sand. The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 18 inches in thickness. The surface has stones and boulders in the pedons.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 and 2 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It typically is clay loam, but some is loam, very stony loam and extremely stony loam. It typically is slightly acid or neutral but ranges to moderately alkaline when cultivated.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and 2 to 5 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It typically is clay loam, but some is loam. It is neutral to moderately alkaline. Soil areas in native grass have prominent worm holes and worm casts throughout the Bw horizon.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7 and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4 . It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Some pedons have a BC horizon that is similar to the C horizon but has weak to moderate, coarse to extremely coarse prismatic structure (often referred to as cleavage planes in the past)
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It typically is clay loam but some pedons are loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Mottles inherent to the parent till are common in the C horizon. Gypsum crystals frequently are below depths of 40 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Shindler soils have gentle to steep slopes on uplands. Slopes are plane or convex with gradients ranging from about 2 to 45 percent. The Shindler soils formed in firm, clay loam calcareous glacial till. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 49 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation from 20 to 26 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Crofton, Egan, Houdek, Moody, Nora, Renner, and Steinauer soils. Crofton, Egan, Moody, and Nora are on higher parts of the landscape above the Shindler soils. These soils have a fine-silty control section. Houdek and Renner soils have an argillic horizon. Houdek soils are on similar landscapes and have an argillic horizon. Steinauer soils do not have a mollic epipedon and are on adjacent steeper convex landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is medium. Permeability is moderately slow or slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Less sloping areas are used to grow corn, soybeans, small grains, and alfalfa. More steeply sloping areas are in native grass, hayland, or woodland. Native grasses are big bluestem, little bluestem, indiangrass, and green needlegrass. Principal native trees are bur oak, American elm, ash, basswood, ironwood, and cottonwood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern South Dakota. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, South Dakota, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of about 11 inches (A, Bw horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 11 to 35 inches (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons); Udorthentic subgroup based on the cambic having carbonates throughout.