LOCATION SHINUME                 AZ

Established Series
DJP/HAH/RVP
11/2013

SHINUME SERIES

The Shinume series consists of very shallow and shallow, somewhat excessively drained soils that formed in colluvium over residuum from sandstone and limestone. Shinume soils are on shoulders of structural benches. Slopes range from 4 to 65 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 8 inches (203 millimeters) and the mean annual air temperature is about 55 degrees F. (12.8 degrees C.)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Lithic Torriorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Shinume very flaggy loamy fine sand - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 1 inch (0 to 3 cm); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very flaggy loamy fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4), moist; 2 percent clay; weak very fine platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 20 percent channers and 20 percent flagstone; violently effervescent, 10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; clear smooth boundary.

C1--1 to 11 inches (3 to 28 cm); pink (7.5YR 7/3) very channery loamy very fine sand, light brown (7.5YR 6/3), moist; 2 percent clay; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; 45 percent channers; strongly effervescent, 10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline, pH 8.0; clear smooth boundary.

C2--11 to 17 inches (28 to 43 cm); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very channery fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3), moist; 4 percent clay; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common tubular pores; 45 percent channers; violently effervescent, 10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline, pH 8.1; very abrupt smooth boundary.

R--17 inches (43 cm); unfractured, unweathered sandstone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Soil Survey of Little Colorado River Area, Arizona, Parts of Coconino and Navajo Counties; USGS Quadrangle - Lees Ferry; Geographic Coordinate System: 36 50' 30.69'' north, 111 36' 47.54'' west.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section during July - September. Driest during May and June. Typic aridic soil moisture regime.

Soil Temperature: 56 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit (13.1 to 15.0 degrees Celsius)

Particle size control section
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent channers
Clay content: 2 to 18 percent

Depth to bedrock: 4 to 20 inches (10 to 50 cm)

A Horizon
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Chroma: 4 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: loamy fine sand, loamy sand, very fine sandy loam
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent channers and flagstones
Reaction: moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline

C Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: loamy very fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy sand
Clay: 2 to 18 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Rock Fragments: 35 to 75 percent channers
Reaction: moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Berzatic (NV), Blacktop (CA), Cadrina (UT), Pintwater (NV), Singatse (NV), Sojur (NV), and Tsaya (UT). Cadrina, Sojur, and Tsaya soils have more than 18 percent clay. Berzatic and Singatse soils have soil temperature less than 55 degrees F (13 degrees C). Blacktop soils are very shallow and form in extrusive basis igneous rocks. Pintwater soils have secondary calcium carbonate and silica. Berzatic, Blacktop, Pintwater, Singatse, and Sojur soils are moist in the soil moisture control section for less than 20 days cumulative between July and September.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Shinume soils are on shoulders of structural benches at elevations of 3,140 to 6,400 feet (958 to 1,951 meters). Slopes range from 2 to 65 percent. These soils formed in colluvium derived from limestone and sandstone over residuum weathered from limestone and sandstone. The mean annual precipitation is 6 to 10 inches (152 to 254 millimeters) and occurs as thunderstorms during July to September and as gentle rains during December and January. The mean annual air temperature is 54 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit (12.0 to 14.0 degrees Celsius). The frost-free period is 150 to 180 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cataract (UT), Hajisho (AZ), and Leupp (AZ) soils. Cataract soils have an argillic and calcic horizon and are moderately deep. Hajisho soils have a calcic horizon. Leupp soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments and greater than 18 percent clay.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively to well drained; low runoff; moderately rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Vegetation includes shadscale saltbush, Ephedra, pricklypear, broom snakeweed, and galleta.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Arizona. Shinume soils are of moderate extent. This soil is named after a canyon near the type location. MLRA is 35.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Coconino County, Arizona; Soil Survey of Little Colorado River Area, Parts of Coconino and Navajo Counties; 2011

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Lithic contact - the boundary at 12 inches (43 cm) (R horizon)

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

Update and revisions for the correlation of Wupatki National Monument, AZ, June 2013, CEM

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.