LOCATION SISSETON SD+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Eutrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Sisseton loam - on a west-facing, convex, slope of 6 percent in cultivation. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; cloddy; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; 5 percent by volume pebbles; strong effervescence (28 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bk--8 to 18 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; common medium accumulations of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence (32 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 30 inches thick)
C1--18 to 36 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; few fine and medium prominent mottles of yellowish red (5YR 5/8) and reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; 5 percent by volume pebbles; few medium accumulations of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence (26 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C2--36 to 60 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) silt loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; few fine and medium prominent mottles of yellowish red (5YR 5/8) and reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable; 5 percent by volume pebbles; few medium accumulations of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence (27 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Roberts County, South Dakota; about 1 mile east of Peever; 2112 feet east and 132 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 4, T. 124 N., R. 50 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Free calcium carbonate is at or near the surface. The control section typically is loam or silt loam. The pedon is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline throughout and has up to 10 percent by volume pebbles.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 7 and 2 to 5 moist, chroma of 2 or 3. In cultivated areas the Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or silt loam.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or silt loam and has common or many accumulations of carbonate. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 15 to 35 percent.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 6 or 7 and 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4 dry or moist. It typically is loam or silt loam but sandy loam strata are common in the lower part. Few to many, fine and medium, prominent mottles and stains of reddish brown to yellowish brown are inherent to the glacial drift. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 7 to 30 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sisseton soils are on undulating and rolling uplands. Slope gradients commonly are 3 to 15 percent, but range from 2 to 40 percent. These soils formed in calcareous, loamy and silty glacial drift. The mean annual temperature is 40 to 48 degrees F., and the annual precipitation ranges from 18 to 24 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hamerly, Heimdal, Parnell, Poinsett, Svea, Tonka, and Vallers soils. All of these soils have mollic epipedons. Hamerly, Svea, and Vallers soils are on nearly level swales and lower foot slopes. Heimdal and Poinsett soils are on nearly level to undulating uplands. Parnell and Tonka soils are in depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium to very high; permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Both cultivated and in native range. Alfalfa, small grains, flax, and corn are the principal crops. Native vegetation is little bluestem, green needlegrass, sideoats grama, needleandthread, blue grama, big bluestem, prairie dropseed, and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern South Dakota. It is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Roberts County, South Dakota, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of about 8 inches (Ap horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from a depth of about 8 to 18 inches (Bk horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Typical pedon NSSL data 20393-6.