LOCATION STONELAKE MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy-skeletal, mixed, frigid Typic Udorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Stonelake gravelly loamy sand, on a complex slope of about 4 percent, on a glacial outwash plain, in a grass field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; about 17 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--4 to 11 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 35 percent gravel; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 13 inches thick)
Bt--11 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly coarse sand; single grain; common clay bridging of sand and gravel; about 70 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 28 inches thick)
BC--24 to 43 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly sand; single grain; loose; about 16 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 25 inches thick)
C1--43 to 63 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly sand and coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 15 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
C2--63 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 30 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Sherburne County, Minnesota; about 4.5 miles north of Elk River; located about 2,000 feet east and 450 feet north of the southwest corner of section 3, T. 33 N., R. 26 W.; USGS Elk River topographic quadrangle; lat 45 degrees 22 minutes 24 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 33 minutes 50 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil moisture control section is dry for 20 to 35 consecutive days during the 120 days following the summer solstice. Carbonates are leached to a depth of 40 to 80 inches. Content of rock fragments, by volume, ranges from 5 to 45 percent in the A and E horizons, 35 to 70 percent in the B horizons and 10 to 70 percent in the C horizons. Cobbles and stones range from 0 to 30 percent throughout. A cobbly phase is recognized.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or their gravelly, very gravelly or cobbly analogues. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, coarse sand or their gravelly, very gravelly or cobbly analogues. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
Some pedons have a BE or EB horizon with similar characteristics.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 3 or 4. It is gravelly coarse sand, gravelly loamy coarse sand, gravelly sand, or their very gravelly or extremely gravelly or cobbly analogues. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 3 or 4. It is very gravelly coarse sand, very gravelly loamy coarse sand, very gravelly sand, or their extremely gravelly or cobbly analogues. It is strongly acid to neutral. Clay bridging is common but has less than a 3 percent absolute clay increase.
The BC horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is gravelly sand, gravelly coarse sand or their very gravelly or cobbly analogues. It is strongly acid to neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6. It is gravelly sand, gravelly coarse sand or their very gravelly, extremely gravelly or cobbly analogues. Stratification is common. It is strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Delameter, Emmert, Wakepish and Yellowdog series. Delameter and Wakepish soils have volcanic glass aggregate in the particle-size control section. The Emmert series does not have a argillic horizon with clay bridging. Yellowdog soils are moderately deep to a lithic contact.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have nearly level or convex slopes on eskers, valley trains, kames, moraines, and terraces. Slope ranges from 1 to 70 percent. These soils formed in sandy-skeletal glacial outwash of Late Wisconsin Age. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 37 to 47 degrees F. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 24 to 33 inches. Frost-free period ranges from 90 to 150 days. Elevation ranges from 1,000 to 1,900 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Mahtomedi, Markey, Pierz, Sanburn, Seelyeville, and Two Inlets soils. The excessively drained Mahtomedi soils are in similar landscape positions and do not have clay bridging in the subsoil. The very poorly drained Markey and Seelyeville soil are in depressions. Well drained Pierz and somewhat excessively drained Sanburn soils are in similar positions but have an argillic horizon. The excessively drained Two Inlets soils are in similar landscape positions and have less than 35 percent gravel in the series control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained. Surface runoff is slow or medium. Permeability is moderately rapid or rapid in the upper part and very rapid in the lower part.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used as woodland but some areas are used for cropland, hayland or pastureland. Native vegetation was mixed hardwoods and confers.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North central and eastern Minnesota. This series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sherburne County, Minnesota, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features identified in this soil are: ochric epipedon-the zone from the surface to a depth of 4 inches (Ap horizon); sandy-skeletal particle size based on over 35 percent rock fragments in the series control section.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES central file code Nos. 4514, 4512, and 4513 for results of similar pedons. Soil Interpretation Record No. MN0707.