LOCATION STRAIGHTSTONE VA+NCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Rhodudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Straightstone loam (in an area of Straightstone loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes) in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) loam; reddish brown (5YR 4/4), dry; moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--8 to 32 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on all faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 50 inches thick)
BCt--32 to 54 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, slightly plastic; common fine irregular pores; few distinct clay films on all faces of peds; common fine mica flakes; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 25 inches thick)
C--54 to 65 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine irregular pores; common fine mica flakes; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Halifax County, Virginia; about 4600 feet east of the intersection of Secondary Road 600 and Secondary Road 746, 1600 feet north of Secondary Road 600, about 4.6 miles north of Clover; USGS (Unknown), VA topographic quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees 53 minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 44 minutes 13 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 4 to 15 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 30 to 60 inches or more
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 60 inches
Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, throughout
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid to strongly acid throughout, unless limed
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent mica flakes in the B and C horizon
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 7.5YR, value of 2.5 or 3, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Bt horizon (upper part):
Color--hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 3, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Bt horizon (lower part):
Color--hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 3 or 4, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Mottles (if they occur)--in shades of brown or yellow
BCt or BC horizon:
Color--hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Mottles (if they occur)-non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of brown or yellow
C horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture-commonly, clay loam, loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam
Mottles (if they occur)-non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of brown or yellow
COMPETING SERIES:
Stoneville soils--have soft bedrock at a depth of 40 to 60 inches
Rockbarn soils--have soft bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches and hard bedrock below 40 inches
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont basin
Landform: Low hill
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve, side slope, nose slope, head slope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, backslope
Parent Material: Residuum from Triassic rock mostly sandstone, siltstone, or shale
Slope: 0 to 40 percent
Elevation: 600 to 1000 feet
Frost Free Period: 160 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 55 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Ayersville soils--are moderately deep to soft and hard bedrock and are in a fine-loamy particle-size class; on similar landforms
Clover soils--are very deep to bedrock, have moderately shrink-swell potential, and are well drained; on similar landforms
Easthamlet soils--are moderately deep to soft bedrock and deep to hard bedrock, are somewhat poorly drained, and have very high shrink-swell potential; on lower lying landforms
Lackstown soils--are moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drained; on lower-lying landforms
Pinkston soils--are in coarse-loamy particle-size class and are moderately deep to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Rockbarn soils--are moderately deep to soft bedrock and deep or very deep to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Stoneville soils--are deep to soft bedrock; on similar landforms
Wolftrap soils--have very high shrink-swell potential and are moderately well drained; on slightly lower-lying landforms
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep (greater than 60 inches) to bedrock
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Low to high
Permeability: Moderate
Shrink-Swell Potential: Moderate
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated crops or pasture.
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, tobacco, soybeans, and small grains. Where wooded--white, red, and black oak; hickory, yellow poplar, sweetgum, red maple; sourwood, and flowering dogwood. Virginia pine are now common in old fields.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: The Triassic basin of the west-central Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Halifax County, Virginia, 2003
REMARKS: Straightstone soils were previously mapped as Hanceville soils. The April 1997 adjustment of the mesic/thermic line necessitated the need to establish a mesic counterpart to the Hanceville series.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 8 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 8 to 54 inches (Bt and BCt horizons)
Other soil features identified with this pedon:
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
Rhodic feature--epipedon with value of 3 (Ap horizon) and argillic horizon (Bt and BCt horizons) with hue of 2.5YR or redder and value of 3 moist and value dry no more than 1 unit higher
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data: No known laboratory data available.
Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--103367
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation STRAIGHTSTONE 0-40 52-57 160-205 40-55 600-1000FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NONE >6.0 - - >60 -
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- 0-8 FSL L SL 0-0 90-100 12-27 4-8 8-32 CL SC C SICL 0-0 95-100 35-50 5-12 32-65 CL SCL FSL SIL 0-0 95-100 15-40 4-10
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll 0-8 4.5-6.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW 8-32 4.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE 62-65 4.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE