LOCATION CLOVER             VA+NC
Established Series
DHE-HLG-GAH/Rev. JAK
01/2006

CLOVER SERIES


MLRA(s): 136 (mesic part)
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Low to high
Permeability: Moderate
Shrink-Swell Potential: Moderate
Landscape: Piedmont basin
Landform: Low hill
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve, side slope, nose slope, head slope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, backslope
Parent Material: Residuum from Triassic age materials
Slope: 1 to 50 percent
Elevation (type location): Unknown
Frost Free Period (type location): 190 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 42 inches

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Clover fine sandy loam (in an area of Clover fine sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes), in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil.)

Ap--0 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick.)

Bt1--9 to 18 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay mottled with yellowish red and reddish yellow lithochromic masses; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--18 to 32 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay mottled with yellowish brown lithochromic masses; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 20 to 50 inches.)

BC--32 to 42 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam mottled with brown and yellowish brown lithochromic masses; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine irregular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick.)

C--42 to 65 inches; 60 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) and 40 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam saprolite; massive; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine irregular pores; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Halifax County, Virginia; about 7,400 feet northwest of the intersection of Secondary Road 600 and Secondary Road 778, 3,200 feet north of Secondary Road 778, about 3.2 miles northwest of Clover; USGS (Unknown) topographic quadrangle: lat. 36 degrees 52 minutes 43 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 44 minutes 18 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 1 to 15 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 25 to 60 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons and 0 to 5 percent by volume in the B and C horizons; mostly pebbles. Some pedons have as much as 45 percent cobbles and stones in the A and E horizons.
Surface Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 15 percent, mostly cobbles and stones
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid in the A, E, and upper B horizon, unless limed. The lower B horizon and C horizon is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume, mica flakes throughout

RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap horizon or A horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 2 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or loamy sand. Eroded phases include sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.

E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 3 or 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or loamy sand

BE or BA horizon (if they occur):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

BC horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8, or is mottled in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, silty clay loam or clay. Most pedons have weathered Triassic C material in this horizon.
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

C horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8, or is variegated in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--variable, typically loamy. It is saprolite weathered from Triassic sandstone, mudstone, shale, and siltstone.
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

COMPETING SERIES:
Braddock soils--formed in colluvium and alluvium from crystalline rocks
Buffstat soils--formed in residuum from sericite schist or graphitic schist
Casville soils--formed in residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock
Christian soils--formed in residuum from interbedded limestone, sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Clifton soils--formed in residuum from intermediate and mafic igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock
Danripple soils--formed in old alluvium
Flagspring soils--formed in colluvium from cherty limestone over limestone residuum
Groseclose soils--formed in materials weathered from limestone, shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Howell soils--formed in fine unconsolidated sediments containing detectable amounts of diatomaceous earth and/or glauconite
Monmouth soils--formed in fine-textured marine sediments high in glauconite
Muse soils--formed in residuum or colluvium from shale and siltstone
Sequoia soils--formed in residuum of shale and siltstone
Totier soils--formed in residuum from Triassic red shale and have paralithic contact at 40 to 60 inches
Unison soils--formed in colluvium and alluvium from a mixture of mafic and felsic rock
Warminster soils--formed in Triassic age residuum and have paralithic contact at 40 to 60 inches
Yellowbottom soils--formed in residuum of sericite schist, phyllite, and metamonzagranite

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont basin
Landform: Low hill
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve, side slope, nose slope, head slope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, backslope
Parent Material: Residuum from Triassic age materials
Slope: 1 to 50 percent
Elevation: 350 to 1400 feet
Frost Free Period: 160 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 55 inches

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Ayersville soils--are moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to soft and hard bedrock and have a fine-loamy particle-size class; on similar landforms
Easthamlet soils--are moderately deep to soft bedrock (deep to hard bedrock), are somewhat poorly drained, and have very high shrink-swell potential; on lower-lying landforms
Lackstown soils--have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 12 to 24 inches (moderately well to somewhat poorly drained); on lower-lying landforms
Pinkston soils--have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and are moderately deep to bedrock; on similar landforms
Rockbarn soils--are moderately deep (20 to 40 inches) to soft bedrock and deep or very deep (40 inches or more) to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Stoneville soils--are deep (40 to 60 inches) to soft bedrock; on similar landforms
Straightstone soils--are very deep to bedrock and are well drained; on similar landforms
Wolftrap soils--have very high shrink-swell potential and are moderately well drained; on similar landforms

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep (Greater than 60 inches)
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep (Greater than 60 inches)
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Low to high
Permeability: Moderate
Shrink-Swell Potential: Moderate

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cultivated crops and pasture
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, tobacco, soybeans, small grains, and truck crops. Where wooded-Upland oaks, hickory, yellow-poplar, sweetgum, red maple; sourwood, and flowering dogwood. Shortleaf pine, loblolly pine, and Virginia pine are common in old fields.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Triassic basin of the West Central and Southern Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia
Extent: Moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Halifax County, Virginia, 2003.

REMARKS: The Clover soils were previously mapped as Mayodan soils. The April 1997 adjustment of the mesic/thermic line necessitated the establishment of a mesic counterpart.

Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 and 9 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 9 and 32 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)

Other soil features identified with this pedon:
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data: No laboratory data available.

Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--103343

TABULAR SERIES DATA:

SOI-5   Soil Name   Slope  Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip  Elevation
NC0082  CLOVER      1-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400
NC0214  CLOVER      3-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400
NC0261  CLOVER      1-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400

SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NC0082 NONE >6.0 - - >80 NC0214 NONE >6.0 - - >80 NC0261 NONE >6.0 - - >80

SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0082 0-12 SL FSL SIL 0-5 83-100 5-20 1-6 NC0082 0-12 GR-SL GR-FSL GR-L 5-15 55-80 2-18 1-6 NC0082 0-12 CL SCL 0-5 95-100 20-30 4-8 NC0082 12-18 SICL CL SCL 0-2 95-100 20-40 4-9 NC0082 18-47 C SC SIC 0-2 90-100 35-60 7-13 NC0082 47-60 VAR - - - -

NC0214 0-12 ST-FSL ST-SL 10-25 50-75 5-15 2-5 NC0214 0-12 STV-SL STV-FSL 10-25 50-75 5-15 2-5 NC0214 12-18 SCL SICL ST-CL 0-15 70-90 20-40 4-9 NC0214 18-47 C SC SIC 0-5 90-100 35-60 7-13 NC0214 47-60 VAR - - - -

NC0261 0-12 CL SCL SICL 0-5 95-100 20-35 4-7 NC0261 12-18 SICL CL SCL 0-2 95-100 20-40 4-9 NC0261 18-47 C SC SIC 0-2 90-100 35-60 7-13 NC0261 47-60 VAR - - - -

SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0082 0-12 4.5-6.0 0.5-2.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW NC0082 0-12 4.5-6.0 0.5-2.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW NC0082 0-12 4.5-6.0 0.5-2.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW NC0082 12-18 4.5-6.0 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW NC0082 18-47 4.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE NC0082 47-60 - - - - -

NC0214 0-12 4.5-6.0 0.5-2.0 0-0 6.0-20 LOW NC0214 0-12 4.5-6.0 0.5-2.0 0-0 6.0-20 LOW NC0214 12-18 4.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW NC0214 18-47 4.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 - 0.6-2.0 MODERATE NC0214 47-60 - - - - -

NC0261 0-12 4.5- 6.0 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0261 12-18 4.5- 6.0 .5-1. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0261 18-47 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 MODERATE NC0261 47-60 - - - -


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.