LOCATION CLOVER                  VA+NC

Established Series
DHE-HLG-GAH/Rev. JAK/DTA
05/2026

CLOVER SERIES


MLRA(s): 136 (mesic part)
Soil Survey Regional Office (SSRO) Responsible: Southeast
Depth Class: Very deep
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Moderately high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high
Shrink-Swell Potential: Moderate
Landscape: Piedmont uplands
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from Triassic age materials
Slope: 1 to 50 percent
Elevation (type location): Unknown
Frost Free Period (type location): 190 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 14 degrees C (57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 1067 millimeters (42 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Clover fine sandy loam (in an area of Clover fine sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes), in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil.)

Ap--0 to 23 centimeters (0 to 9 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 30 centimeters (2 to 12 inches) thick)

Bt1--23 to 46 centimeters (9 to 18 inches); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay mottled with yellowish red and reddish yellow lithochromic masses; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--46 to 81 centimeters (18 to 32 inches); red (2.5YR 4/8) clay mottled with yellowish brown lithochromic masses; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 51 to 127 centimeters (20 to 50 inches)

BC--81 to 107 centimeters (32 to 42 inches); reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam mottled with brown and yellowish brown lithochromic masses; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine irregular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches) thick)

C--107 to 165 centimeters (42 to 65 inches); 60 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) and 40 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam saprolite; massive; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine irregular pores; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Halifax County, Virginia; about 7,400 feet northwest of the intersection of Secondary Road 600 and Secondary Road 778, 3,200 feet north of Secondary Road 778, about 3.2 miles northwest of Clover; USGS Saxe, Virginia topographic quadrangle.

Latitude--36.8786
Longitude-- -78.7383
Datum--WGS84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 2 to 38 centimeters (1 to 15 inches)
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 63 to 152 centimeters (25 to 60 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons and 0 to 5 percent by volume in the B and C horizons; mostly pebbles. Some pedons have as much as 45 percent cobbles and stones in the A and E horizons.
Surface Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 15 percent, mostly cobbles and stones
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid in the A, E, and upper B horizon, unless limed. The lower B horizon and C horizon is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume, mica flakes throughout

RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap horizon or A horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 2 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or loamy sand. Eroded phases include sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.

E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 3 or 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or loamy sand

BE or BA horizon (if they occur):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

BC horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8, or is mottled in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, silty clay loam or clay. Most pedons have weathered Triassic C material in this horizon.
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

C horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8, or is variegated in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--variable, typically loamy. It is saprolite weathered from Triassic sandstone, mudstone, shale, and siltstone.
Non-redoximorphic mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray

COMPETING SERIES:
Braddock soils--formed in colluvium and alluvium from crystalline rocks
Buffstat soils--formed in residuum from sericite schist or graphitic schist
Casville soils--formed in residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock
Christian soils--formed in residuum from interbedded limestone, sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Clifton soils--formed in residuum from intermediate and mafic igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock
Danripple soils--formed in old alluvium
Flagspring soils--formed in colluvium from cherty limestone over limestone residuum
Groseclose soils--formed in materials weathered from limestone, shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Howell soils--formed in fine unconsolidated sediments containing detectable amounts of diatomaceous earth and/or glauconite
Monmouth soils--formed in fine-textured marine sediments high in glauconite
Muse soils--formed in residuum or colluvium from shale and siltstone
Sequoia soils--formed in residuum of shale and siltstone
Totier soils--formed in residuum from Triassic red shale and have paralithic contact at 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches)
Unison soils--formed in colluvium and alluvium from a mixture of mafic and felsic rock
Warminster soils--formed in Triassic age residuum and have paralithic contact at 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches)
Yellowbottom soils--formed in residuum of sericite schist, phyllite, and metamonzagranite

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont uplands
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from Triassic age materials
Slope: 1 to 50 percent
Elevation: 107 to 427 meters (350 to 1400 feet)
Frost Free Period: 160 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 11 to 14 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1016 to 1397 millimeters (40 to 55 inches)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Ayersville soils--are moderately deep, 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches) to soft and hard bedrock and have a fine-loamy particle-size class; on similar landforms
Easthamlet soils--are moderately deep to soft bedrock (deep to hard bedrock), are somewhat poorly drained, and have very high shrink-swell potential; on lower-lying landforms
Lackstown soils--have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 30 to 61 centimeters (12 to 24 inches) (moderately well to somewhat poorly drained); on lower-lying landforms
Pinkston soils--have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and are moderately deep to bedrock; on similar landforms
Rockbarn soils--are moderately deep, 51 to 102 centimeters ((20 to 40 inches) to soft bedrock and deep or very deep, 102 centimeters (40 inches or more) to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Stoneville soils--are deep, 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches) to soft bedrock; on similar landforms
Straightstone soils--are very deep to bedrock and are well drained; on similar landforms
Wolftrap soils--have very high shrink-swell potential and are moderately well drained; on similar landforms

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Moderately high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland and pasture
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, tobacco, soybeans, small grains, and truck crops. Where wooded-Upland oaks, hickory, yellow-poplar, sweetgum, red maple; sourwood, and flowering dogwood. Shortleaf pine, loblolly pine, and Virginia pine are common in old fields.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: North Carolina and Virginia
Extent: Moderate

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Halifax County, Virginia, 2003.

REMARKS: The Clover soils were previously mapped as Mayodan soils. The April 1997 adjustment of the mesic/thermic line in MLRA 136 necessitated the establishment of a mesic counterpart. The April 2026 revision reformatted the description to semi-tabular. No data was changed.

Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 23 centimeters (0 to 9 inches) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 23 to 81 centimeters (9 to 32 inches) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Laboratory Data: No laboratory data available.
Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--103343

TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5   Soil Name   Slope  Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip  Elevation
NC0082  CLOVER      1-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400
NC0214  CLOVER      3-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400
NC0261  CLOVER      1-50   52-57   160-205   40-55   350-1400

SOI-5  FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind   Months  Bedrock Hardness
NC0082 NONE          >6.0        -       -       >80        
NC0214 NONE          >6.0        -       -       >80        
NC0261 NONE          >6.0        -       -       >80        

SOI-5  Depth  Texture                3-Inch  No-10    Clay%  -CEC-
NC0082  0-12  SL FSL SIL              0-5    83-100   5-20    1-6
NC0082  0-12  GR-SL GR-FSL GR-L       5-15   55-80    2-18    1-6
NC0082  0-12  CL SCL                  0-5    95-100  20-30    4-8
NC0082 12-18  SICL CL SCL             0-2    95-100  20-40    4-9
NC0082 18-47  C SC SIC                0-2    90-100  35-60    7-13
NC0082 47-60  VAR                      -       -       -       -  

NC0214  0-12  ST-FSL ST-SL           10-25   50-75    5-15    2-5
NC0214  0-12  STV-SL STV-FSL         10-25   50-75    5-15    2-5
NC0214 12-18  SCL SICL ST-CL          0-15   70-90   20-40    4-9
NC0214 18-47  C SC SIC                0-5    90-100  35-60    7-13
NC0214 47-60  VAR                      -       -       -       -  

NC0261  0-12  CL SCL SICL             0-5  95-100    20-35    4-7
NC0261 12-18  SICL CL SCL             0-2  95-100    20-40    4-9
NC0261 18-47  C SC SIC                0-2  90-100    35-60    7-13
NC0261 47-60  VAR                      -     -         -       -  

SOI-5  Depth    -pH-     O.M.   Salin  Permeab  Shnk-Swll
NC0082  0-12  4.5-6.0  0.5-2.0  0-0    2.0-6.0  LOW      
NC0082  0-12  4.5-6.0  0.5-2.0  0-0    2.0-6.0  LOW      
NC0082  0-12  4.5-6.0  0.5-2.0  0-0    0.6-2.0  LOW      
NC0082 12-18  4.5-6.0  0.5-1.0  0-0    0.6-2.0  LOW      
NC0082 18-47  4.5-5.5  0.0-0.5  0-0    0.6-2.0  MODERATE 
NC0082 47-60     -        -      -        -      -       

NC0214  0-12  4.5-6.0  0.5-2.0  0-0    6.0-20   LOW      
NC0214  0-12  4.5-6.0  0.5-2.0  0-0    6.0-20   LOW      
NC0214 12-18  4.5-5.5  0.0-0.5  0-0    0.6-2.0  LOW      
NC0214 18-47  4.5-5.5  0.0-0.5   -     0.6-2.0  MODERATE 
NC0214 47-60     -        -      -        -     -        

NC0261  0-12  4.5- 6.0  .5-2.  0- 0   0.6- 2.0  LOW      
NC0261 12-18  4.5- 6.0  .5-1.  0- 0   0.6- 2.0  LOW      
NC0261 18-47  4.5- 5.5  0.-.5  0- 0   0.6- 2.0  MODERATE 
NC0261 47-60     -        -     -        -                

________________________________________

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.