LOCATION SUNEV                   TX

Established Series
CLG-RMR
08/2017

SUNEV SERIES

The Sunev series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in loamy alluvium. These soils are on nearly level to moderately steep stream terraces or footslopes of valleys and ridges. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 17 to 21 degrees C (62 to 69 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 711 to 864 cm (28 to 34 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, carbonatic, thermic Udic Calciustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Sunev loam--cropland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; thin light brownish gray surface crust; moderate fine and medium granular structure; hard, friable; common wormcasts; few fine fragments of snail shells; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; strong fine and medium granular structure; hard, friable; common wormcasts and holes; common fine fragments of snail shells; few films of calcium carbonate; calcium carbonate equivalent about 35 percent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 23 to 48 cm [9 to 19 in])

Bk1--30 to 53 cm (12 to 21 in); brown (10YR 5/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong medium granular and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common wormcasts and holes; many films and threads of calcium carbonate; few fine fragments of snail shells; calcium carbonate equivalent about 50 percent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bk2--53 to 152 cm (21 to 60 in)); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; strong very fine and fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; few wormcasts and holes; many films and threads of calcium carbonate; few fine fragments of snail shells; calcium carbonate equivalent about 65 percent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; diffuse smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bk horizon is 104 to 180 cm [41 to 71 in])

Bk3--152 to 183 cm (60 to 72 in); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; many films and threads of calcium carbonate; few fine fragments of snail shells; calcium carbonate equivalent about 65 percent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Guadalupe County, Texas; west of McQueeney on Texas Highway 76, 3.7 miles northwest on Farm Road 725 to Grove Lane; 0.8 mile east on Grove Lane; and 300 ft south into field.
USGS topographic quadrangle: New Braunfels, TX;
Latitude: 29 degrees, 38 minutes, 24 seconds N;
Longitude: 98 degrees, 51 minutes, 48 seconds W; NAD1927
Datum: WGS84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 100 to 177 cm (40 to 70 in)
Identifiable secondary carbonates: Fine fragments of snail shells are in all horizons. Films and threads of calcium carbonate are evident in all horizons and increase with depth.
Clay content: silicate clay content ranges from 18 to 35 percent and carbonate clay from 2 to 10 percent.
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 15 percent by volume, kind-siliceous and limestone, size-gravel
Other features: Weakly cemented limestone occurs below 100 cm (40 in) in some pedons

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 40 to 70 percent by weight
Clay content: silicate clay content ranges from 18 to 35 percent and carbonate clay from 2 to 10 percent.
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 15 percent by volume, kind-siliceous and limestone, size-gravel

A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry and moist
Texture: Fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Identifiable secondary carbonate: Amount-0 to 2 percent by volume, kind-concretions
Effervescence: Strongly or violently
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Bk horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6, dry and moist
Mottles: Amount-0 to 20 percent; colors are brown to yellow
Texture: Loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam, and their gravelly and very gravelly phases
Coarse fragments: Amount-0 to 15 percent by volume, kind-limestone, location-in lower part of horizon
Identifiable secondary carbonates: amount-5 to 20 percent by volume; kind-concretions, films, threads, and masses
Effervescence: Violently
Reaction: Slightly or moderately alkaline

BCk, CBk, or Ck horizon (where present)
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry and moist
Mottles: Amount-0 to 20 percent; colors are brown to yellow
Texture: Loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam, and their gravelly and very gravelly phases
Coarse fragments: Amount-0 to 50 percent by volume, kind-limestone
Identifiable secondary carbonates: amount-5 to 20 percent by volume; kind-concretions, films, threads, and masses
Effervescence: Violently
Reaction: Slightly or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These include Bolar (TX), Carbengle (TX), Rumley (TX), and Topsey (TX) series in the same family and the similar Lewisville (TX), Nuvalde (TX), Oakalla (TX), Seawillow (TX), and Venus (TX) series.
Bolar soils: have a lithic contact with limestone at depths of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in)
Carbengle soils: have a paralithic contact with sandstone at depths of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in)
Rumley soils: have less finely divided lime and more concretions of calcium carbonate in the upper calcic horizon, and have a more distinct and contrasting calcic horizon.
Topsey soils: have sola less than 100 cm (40 in) thick over shale and marl sediments.
Lewisville, Nuvalde, and Venus soils: have calcium carbonate equivalents less than 40 percent by weight in the particle-size control section.
Oakalla soils: have mollic epipedons more than 50 cm (20 in) thick and have an irregular distribution of organic matter in a vertical section.
Seawillow soils: have ochric epipedons.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy alluvial sediments that are high in calcium carbonate.
Landscape: Dissected and undulating plateaus
Landform: Stream terraces and footslopes of valleys and ridges. Some areas adjacent to the stream channel are rarely to occasionally flooded for very brief periods in the spring and fall months
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Climate: Dry subhumid
Soil moisture: Udic ustic moisture regime.
Precipitation Pattern: The majority of the yearly amount occurs during the fall and spring months. The winter and summer months are normally drier.
Mean annual air temperature: 17 to 21 degrees C (62 to 69 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 711 to 948 mm (28 to 37.3 in)
Elevation: 104.6 to 640 m (343.2 to 2,100 ft)
Frost-free period: 220 to 266 days
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index: 40 to 56

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Rumley series, and similar Altoga, Bosque (TX), Karnes (TX), Lewisville (TX), Seguin (TX), and Venus series.
Altoga and Karnes soils: have ochric epipedons. In addition, Altoga soils have fine-silty control sections and are on higher positions. Karnes soils have coarse-loamy control sections and are on similar positions.
Bosque and Seguin soils: are on flood plains and have mollic epipedons more than 50 cm (20 in) thick.
Lewisville and Rumley soils: are on slightly higher positions.
Venus soils: have less than 40 percent calcium carbonate equivalent and are on similar positions.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: Well.
Permeability class: Moderate.
Runoff: negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, and medium on 5 to 15 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cropped to cotton, grain sorghums, and oats. Native vegetation is mainly big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, and indiangrass, with scattered hackberry and pecan trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and Northern Texas; Southwest Plateaus and Plains Range and Cotton Region, LRR-I: MLRA 81B-Edwards Plateau, Central Part; MLRA 81C-Edwards Plateau, Eastern Part; and MLRA 82A-Texas Central Basin. Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region, LRR-J: MLRA 86B-Texas Blackland Prairie, Northern Part; MLRA 85-Grand Prairie; and MLRA 87A-Texas Claypan Area, Southern Part. The series is of large extent with over 200,000 acres.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Guadalupe County, Texas; 1973.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly included with the Venus series. Classification was changed 11/89 from Typic Calciustolls to Udic Calciustolls. Since the later establish ment of the Remley series, this series may need to be changed back to Typic Calciustolls.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in) (Ap and A horizons)
Calcic horizon: 30 to 183 cm (12 to 72 in) (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.