LOCATION SURRETT IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Calcic Duricryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Surrett gravelly loam - on a 4 percent west-facing slope at 6,800 feet elevation in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on June 6, 1982, the soil was moist throughout.)
A--0 to 4 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine and fine granular; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and common very fine and fine tubular pores; 20 percent pebbles; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Bw--4 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine, and few medium roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; 25 percent pebbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings less than 1mm thick on undersides of coarse fragments; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bkq1--8 to 12 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, and few medium roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; 35 percent pebbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings 1 to 2mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bkq2--12 to 19 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine interstitial and common very fine and fine tubular pores; 45 percent pebbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings 1 to 4mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Bkq3--19 to 27 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) very gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine interstitial and common very fine and fine tubular pores; 50 percent pebbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings 1 to 4mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; calcium carbonate and silica pendants 2 to 8mm thick on the undersides of coarse fragments in discontinuous layers and pockets; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
2Bkqm--27 to 36 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) weakly cemented duripan, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; continuous calcium carbonate and silica cemented cap about 1 mm thick at a 27 inch depth; material below the cap is 50 percent very hard, very firm, brittle, and 50 percent hard and firm; few very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 65 percent pebbles, 2 percent cobbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings 1 to 4mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; calcium carbonate and silica pendants 2 to 8 mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
2Bkq1--36 to 52 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few tubular and few very fine and fine interstitial pores; 60 percent pebbles, 1 percent cobbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings less than 1 to 2 mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
2Bkq2--52 to 60 inches; multicolored extremely gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; calcium carbonate and silica coatings less than 1 to 2mm thick on undersides and sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Lemhi County, Idaho; about 11 miles southeast of Leadore, Idaho; about 2,500 feet west and 2,500 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 36, T. 15 N., R. 27 E. Latitude - 44 degrees, 35 minutes, 15 seconds North; Longitude - 113 degrees, 10 minutes, 54 seconds West.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 38 to 40 degrees F.
Average summer soil temperature - 55 to 59 degrees F.
Moisture regime - Xeric
Mollic epipedon thickness - 8 to 14 inches
Control section - percent clay 12 to 20
Rounded coarse fragments - 40 to 80 percent
Depth to duripan - 21 to 35 inches
Depth to the calcic horizon - 8 to 14 inches
A horizon
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 2 or 3, dry and moist
Bkq horizon
Value - 6 through 8 dry, 3 through 6 moist
Chroma - 2 through 4, dry and moist
Rounded coarse fragments - 35 to 60 percent
Texture - GRV-L or GRV-SL
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 15 to 25 percent
2Bkqm horizon
Value - 7 or 8 dry, 5 or 6 moist
Chroma - 2 or 3, dry and moist
Cementation - weak to strong
Rounded coarse fragments - 55 to 80 percent
2Bkq horizon
Rounded coarse fragments - 60 to 80 percent
Texture - GRX-SL or GRX-LS
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Surrett soils are on outwash fans and fan terraces and have slopes of 2 to 20 percent. Elevations range from 6,000 to 7,500 feet. The soils formed in alluvium dominantly from limestone and quartzite. The climate is cold and moist in winter and spring, and cool and dry in summer. Average annual precipitation is 13 to 16 inches, and average annual temperature is 35 to 38 degrees F. The frost-free period is 30 to 60 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Chamberlain, Geemore, Meegero, Simeroi, and Zeale soils. Chamberlain and Simeroi soils are on outwash fans and fan terraces and do not have duripans. Meegero and Zeale soils are on mountains and do not have duripans. Geemore soils are on outwash fans and fan terraces, lack duripans and have a pachic epipedon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow through rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland. Vegetation is mainly mountain big sagebrush and Idaho fescue.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Idaho. These soils are not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lemhi County, Idaho, 1999.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 8 inches (A and Bw horizons)
Calcic horizon - the zone from 8 to 27 inches
Duripan - the zone from 27 to 36 inches (2Bkqm horizon)
The particle-size control section is the zone from 10 to 27 inches
This series would be reclassified to a Calcic Duricryolls if and when the subgroup is approved.