LOCATION CHAMBERLAIN IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Xeric Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Chamberlain gravelly loam - on a 3 percent west-facing slope at 7,350 feet elevation in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on June 16, 1982, the soil was moist throughout.)
A--0 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 15 percent pebbles; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
Bt1--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and few very fine interstitial pores; common faint clay films lining pores and on faces of peds; 25 percent pebbles, 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bt2--6 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky, slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and few very fine interstitial pores; common faint and few distinct clay films lining pores and on faces of peds; 35 percent pebbles, 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bkq1--13 to 17 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent pebbles, 5 percent cobbles; lime and silica coatings and pendants 1 to 3mm thick on undersides and some sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; (40 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bkq2--17 to 26 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) very gravelly loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; a discontinuous lime and silica cap less than 0.5mm thick occurs at 17 inches; 30 percent pebbles, 8 percent cobbles; lime and silica coatings and pendants 1 to 3mm thick on undersides and some sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; (30 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
Bkq3--26 to 34 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) very gravelly coarse sand loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; 30 percent pebbles, 10 percent cobbles; lime and silica coatings and pendants 1 to 3mm thick on undersides and some sides of coarse fragments; violently effervescent; (15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
2Bkq4--34 to 60 inches; multicolored extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand; 70 percent single grain and 30 percent massive; loose; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular and common very fine interstitial pores; pockets and discontinuous layers of soil weakly cemented by silica and lime; 55 percent pebbles, 15 percent cobbles; silica and lime coatings and pendants less than 1 to 3mm thick on undersides of some coarse fragments; strongly effervescent; (10 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Lemhi County, Idaho; about 1,680 feet south and 1,400 feet west from the northeast corner of sec. 4, T. 13 N., R. 28 E. Latitude - 44 degrees, 29 minutes, 13 seconds North; Longitude - 113 degrees, 07 minutes, 15 seconds West.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 36 to 39 degrees F.
Average summer soil temperature - 48 to 52 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 10 to 15 inches
Control section - percent clay 27 to 34
Rounded coarse fragments - 35 to 40 percent
Depth to strongly contrasting materials - 22 to 40 inches
Reaction of profile - neutral or slightly alkaline
A horizon
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Bt horizon
Value - 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 2 through 4, dry and moist
Texture - GR-CL, GRV-CL
Bkq horizons
Value - 7 or 8 dry, 5 or 6 moist
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 15 to 40 percent
Texture - GRV-L, GRV-COSL, GRV-SCL, GRV-CL
Rounded rock fragments - 35 to 60 percent
2Bkq horizon
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments - 60 to 85 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Blaine, Bowen, Buena Vista, Elwood, Ess, Ezbin, Fornor (T), Forsey (T), Fourme, Geertsen, Hoodle, Latigo (T), Libeg, Nathrop, Norriston, Nurkey, Packer, Parkview, Quander, Sedgway, Tahquats, Teeler (T), Thiel, Winada, Woodhall, and Zeebar series. The Blaine, Bowen, Buena Vista, Elwood, Nathrop, Parkview, Winada, and Woodhall soils are 20 to 40 inches deep over a lithic or paralithic contact. Ess and Geertsen soils have O horizons. Ezbin soils have O horizons and lack sandy-skeletal materials in the lower profile. Hoodle, Latigo, Forner and Fourme soils lack silica coating in rock fragments. Forsey and Teeler soils have average annual soil temperatures warmer than 40 degrees F. Libig, Nurkey, Quander, Tahquats, Sedgway, and Zeebar soils lack sandy- skeletal materials in the lower part of the profile. Norriston soils have 5 to 18 percent clay in the Bt horizon and lack clay films on the peds. Packer soils are 24 to 48 inches deep over a lithic contact. Thiel soils have mollic epipedons less than 10 inches thick and are not dry for as long as 45 consecutive days in late summer.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Chamberlain soils are on outwash fans and fan terraces and have slopes of 2 to 8 percent. Elevations range from 6,400 to 7,500 feet. The soils formed in alluvium dominantly from quartzite, limestone, and granite. The climate is cold and moist in winter and spring, and cool and dry in summer. Average annual precipitation is 13 to 16 inches, and average annual temperature is 35 to 38 degrees F. Frost-free period is 30 to 60 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Escarlo and the Goldhill, Mountainboy, and Surrett soils. Escarlo soils are on hills and lack argillic horizons. Goldhill soils are on hills and are fine-montmorillonitic. Mountainboy and Surrett soils are on outwash fans and fan terraces and have duripans.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderately slow over rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland. Vegetation is mainly mountain big sagebrush and Idaho fescue.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Idaho. These soils are moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lemhi County, Idaho, 1999.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 13 inches (A, Bt1, and Bt2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 2 to 13 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Calcic horizon - the zone from 13 to 34 inches (Bkq1, Bkq2 and Bkq3 horizons)
Particle-size control section - the argillic horizon.
C horizon is present in some pedons