LOCATION THOMPSONVILLE MI

Established Series
Rev. LHL-EPJ-MLK
08/2012

THOMPSONVILLE SERIES

The Thompsonville series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in sandy outwash or lacustrine deposits over stratified silty and loamy materials. These soils are on outwash terraces, outwash plains and glacial lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 787 mm (31 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 8.9 degrees C (48 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Alfic Oxyaquic Haplorthods

TYPICAL PEDON: Thompsonville fine sand, on an east-facing, linear, 1 percent slope in a wooded area at an elevation of about 244 meters (800 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 13 cm (5 inches); very dark gray (7.5YR 3/1) fine sand, dark gray (7.5YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [2 to 13 cm (1 to 5 inches) thick]

E--13 to 38 cm (5 to 15 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/2) fine sand, light gray (7.5YR 7/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine and many medium and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

Bs1--38 to 74 cm (15 to 29 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) fine sand; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine and common medium and coarse roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bs2--74 to 94 cm (29 to 37 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; few medium roots; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bs3--94 to 140 cm (37 to 55 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) sand; single grain; loose; few medium roots; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bs horizons is 64 to 102 cm (25 to 40 inches).]

2B/E--140 to 183 cm (55 to 72 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam (Bt) surrounding pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) silty clay loam (E), light gray (7.5YR 7/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; few faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

2C--183 to 203 cm (72 to 80 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) stratified very fine sandy loam and silty clay loam; massive; friable; many coarse prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Benzie County, Michigan; about 2 miles northwest of Thompsonville; 2,100 feet south and 55 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 22, T. 25 N., R.14 W., Weldon Township; USGS Thompsonville, Michigan topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 33 minutes 02.4 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 58 minutes 42.9 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the sandy material: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Redoximorphic features: within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches)
Moisture status: saturation occurs within 102 cm (40 inches) at some time in most years

A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sand or sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent gravel
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6; colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: fine sand or sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent gravel
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

Bs horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6; value and chroma of 3 do not occur together
Texture: fine sand or sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent gravel
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid

E part of the 2B/E horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Bt part of the 2B/E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline

2C horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam to silty clay loam with thin strata of coarser materials
Clay content: averages 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Thompsonville soils are on outwash terraces, outwash plains, and glacial lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. These soils formed in sandy outwash or lacustrine deposits and the underlying loamy materials. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 762 to 813 mm (30 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 7.8 to 8.9 degrees C (46 to 48 degrees F). Frost-free period is 110 to 120 days. Elevation is 183 to 366 meters (600 to 1,200 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Pipestone, Covert, Milnichol, Dair, Kaleva, and Grattan soils. The poorly drained or very poorly drained Dair soils, the somewhat poorly drained Pipestone soils, the moderately well drained Covert soils, and the excessively drained Kaleva and Grattan soils form a drainage sequence in nearby areas where the soil is sandy throughout. The somewhat poorly drained Milnichol soils form a drainage sequence with Thompsonville soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 46 to 102 cm (18 to 40 inches) for 30 or more days between October and April in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is very low or negligible. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high or very high in the sandy material and moderately low in the loamy material. Permeability is rapid in the sandy material and slow in the loamy material.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in woodland. Mature forests are mostly red maple, northern red oak, paper birch, yellow birch, eastern hemlock, eastern white pine, and red pine. Balsam fir and quaking aspen are in most stands. Some areas are used for cropland and pastureland. Corn, small grains, and hay are the principal crops. Some areas formerly used as cropland are now idle or planted to pine trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 96 and 98 in northwestern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Benzie County, Michigan, 2005.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 38 cm (15 inches) (A, E horizons).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 13 to 38 cm (5 to 15 inches) (E horizon).
Spodic horizon: from a depth of 38 to 140 cm (15 to 55 inches) (Bs1, Bs2, Bs3 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present in horizons below a depth of 74 cm (29 inches).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.