LOCATION TREMPEALEAU WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Trempealeau loam - on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 925 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
AB--7 to 11 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--11 to 20 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; faint thin patchy clay films on faces of all peds; few small iron concretions; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
2Bt2--20 to 24 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) and yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common clay bridging of sand grains and few faint thin clay films on faces of peds; few small iron concretions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
2C--24 to 60 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/8) fine sand; single grain; loose; few thin (1/4 to 1/2 inch thick) strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy loam bands; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Trempealeau County, Wisconsin; about 3 miles west of Osseo; 650 feet north and 750 feet east from the southwest corner of sec. 12, T. 24 N., R. 8 W.; or where highway 10 enters section, 900 feet east along highway and 600 feet south from center of highway.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The solum, exclusive of limed surface layers, ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid. The C horizon is slightly acid to strongly acid. There are no coarse fragments in the solum and in the C horizon.
The A horizon has 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR hue; value and chroma is 2 or 3. It is silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam.
The Bt horizon has 5YR or 2.5YR hue, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 3 through 8. The higher value and chroma commonly are in the lower part of the sola. It is sandy clay loam or loam that averages between 20 and 27 percent clay.
The 2Bt horizon has 5YR or 2.5YR hue, but in some pedons it has 7.5YR hue. Value is 3 through 5, and chroma is 3 through 8. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand.
The 2C horizon has 10YR, 7.5YR, 5YR, or 2.5YR hue; value is 4 through 6; and chroma is 4 through 8. It is loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sand, or sand. Some pedons have lamellae 1/4 to 1 inch thick that are sandy loam or loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are Dakota, Lorenzo, Nineveh, Volinia, and Warsaw series in the same family and the Hesch, Nickin, Pillot, Sylvester, and Whitehall series in other closely related families. Dakota and Violinia soils have yellower hue in the B horizons. Lorenzo, Nineveh, and Warsaw soils contain coarse fragments. Hesch soils have bedrock within a depth of 40 inches and are coarse-loamy. Nickin soils are frigid. Pillot, Sylvester, Whitehall soils are fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on low steam or terraces. Slopes are usually plane and have gradients of 0 to 6 percent. The soils formed in 20 to 40 inches of loamy deposits and in the underlying sandy deposits. The mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F, mean annual precipitation from 28 to 32 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: They are more commonly the Trempe soils and less commonly the Gotham and Sparta soils. Nearby are the excessively drained, sandy Trempe soils with similar red colors. In a few places, there are the somewhat excessively drained, sandy Gotham soils that have a lighter colored A horizon. In a few other places there are the excessively drained, sandy Sparta soils that have a mollic epipedon but have yellower hues in their subsoils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is slow to medium. Permeability is moderate in the solum and moderately rapid or rapid in the underlying substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the soil is cultivated to corn, oats, forages, and some cash crops. The native vegetation was prairie grasses and a few widely spaced oak trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West-central Wisconsin and northwestern Illinois. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, 1927.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 11 inches; argillic horizon - zone from 11 to 24 inches.