LOCATION TUGGLESGAP VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, subactive, mesic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Tugglesgap loam on a smooth 2 percent slope, in a fallow field (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam; weak medium subangular blocky parting to weak coarse granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many fine and medium roots; few fine mica flakes; 10 percent rounded gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--7 to 12 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) very gravelly loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; few medium distinct irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron and common fine prominent irregular strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; common fine mica flakes; 10 percent rounded gravel and 30 percent rounded cobbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--12 to 21 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) very gravelly clay loam; moderate medium angular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; common faint clay films on all faces of peds; common medium faint irregular light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and many medium prominent irregular reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; common fine mica flakes; 15 percent rounded cobbles and 35 percent rounded gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness is 6 to 16 inches thick.)
Btg1--21 to 32 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sandy clay loam; strong medium angular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common faint clay films on all faces of peds; many medium faint irregular light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) masses of oxidized iron and many medium prominent irregular reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; few fine mica flakes; 10 percent rounded gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--32 to 35 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) sandy clay loam; strong medium angular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common faint clay films on all faces of peds; few medium distinct irregular greenish gray (5GY 6/1) masses of oxidized iron and common medium prominent irregular reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron; common fine mica flakes; 10 percent rounded gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness is 6 to 30 inches thick.)
C--35 to 50 inches; olive (5Y 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine mica flakes; 10 percent rounded gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
2C--50 to 80 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) extremely paragravelly fine sandy loam; massive; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine mica flakes; 8 percent rounded strongly cemented gravel and 70 percent rounded weakly cemented gravel; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Patrick County, Virginia. located near Vesta, 0.2 miles east of U.S. 58 and State Route 639, on U.S. 58 east (85 degrees) of Little Ivy Creek, 150 yards southwest of Old Dan River primitive Baptist Church, in fallow field; USGS Stuart, VA topographic quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees, 42 minutes, 42.00 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees, 21 minutes, 11.00 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 2 to 9 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 30 to 50 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 12 to 20 inches, November to April
Rock Fragment Content: 5 to 60 percent, by volume, in the A horizon, 35 to 70 percent in the Bt horizon, 0 to 70 percent in the C and 2C horizons. Some pedons have subhorizons in the Bt horizon with less than 15 percent. Some pedons have a 2C horizon in residuum with less than 35 percent.
Pararock Fragment Content: 0 to 15 percent, by volume in the A and B horizon and 0 to 75 percent in the C and 2C horizon.
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid, except where limed
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume mica flakes in the A, B, and C horizons
(Effective) Cation Exchange Capacity: 3 to 10 milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil in the A horizon; 2 to 8 in B horizons; and 2 to 6 in the C horizon
Organic Matter Content: 2 to 4 percent in the A horizon and 0 to 0.5 percent in the B and C horizons
Other Soil Features: Tugglesgap soils commonly have a lithologic discontinuity consisting of strongly contrasting materials, erratic distribution of rock fragments, or fragment hardness below a depth of 40 inches.
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, chroma of 1 to 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Clay content--10 to 27 percent
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam and less commonly thin subhorizons of sandy clay or clay
Clay content--15 to 40 percent
Redoximorphic features (where present)--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Btg horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam and less commonly thin subhorizons of sandy clay or clay
Clay content--15 to 40 percent
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
BCg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam
Clay content--12 to 27 percent
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
BC horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam
Clay content--12 to 27 percent
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
C horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam
Clay content--5 to 27 percent
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Cg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam
Clay content--5 to 27 percent
2C horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content--5 to 27 percent
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
COMPETING SERIES:
None
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Mountain or Piedmont river valleys
Landform: Alluvial fans and stream terraces
Geomorphic Component: Base slopes, risers, and treads
Hillslope Profile Position: Toeslopes
Parent Material: Alluvium or colluvium from materials weathered from felsic and mafic high-grade metamorphic rock
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Elevation range: 1600 to 3300 feet
Frost Free Period: 175 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 52 to 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 40 to 60 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Braddock soils--well drained
Dillard soils--moderately well drained
Dellwood soils--moderately well drained, on adjacent flood plains
Greenlee soils--well drained, formed in colluvium
French soils--moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drained, on adjacent flood plains
Nikwasi soils--poorly drained, on adjacent flood plains
Pilot Mountain soils--well drained
Tate soils--well drained
Thurmont soils--well drained
Unison soils--well drained
Wintergreen soils--well drained
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability of Restrictive Layer (upper 60 inches): Moderate
Slowest Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high (4.23 to 10.00 micrometers per second)
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Shallow, persistent
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None to rare for very brief or brief periods, November to April
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Landscape: Mountain or Piedmont river valleys
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland, pasture, and woodland.
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--hayland, pasture, and woodland. Where wooded--yellow poplar, white oak, northern red oak, hickory, red maple, with some Virginia pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Patrick County, Virginia, 2008.
REMARKS: Tugglesgap soils were previously mapped as Dillard and soils. Dillard soils have fewer rock fragments and a seasonal high water table at a depth of 2 to 3 feet. Tugglesgap soils are seasonally wet from November to April. The average depth to the top of the wet zone is thought to be less than 50 centimeters (20 inches); however, soil morphology does not meet the criteria for an aquic great group (Endoaquults). At present, reaction to alpha,alpha-dipyridyl reaction has not been tested. It is anticipated Tugglesgap soils may be reclassified to Aeric Endoaquults once additional data has been collected.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 7 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 7 to 35 inches (Bt and Btg horizons)
Aquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within the upper 24 inches of the Argillic horizon, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year.
Lithologic discontinuity--Contrasting fragment content and hardness starting at a depth of 50 inches (2C horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: This pedon sampled as S99VA141013. Additional reference sample is S99VA141014.
Data Map Unit ID: 481505