LOCATION TUI AK
Established Series
BMC/CBB
11/2024
TUI SERIES
Depth class: very deep
Drainage class: well drained
Parent material: silty colluvium and/or loamy colluvium over gravelly loamy colluvium derived from graywacke
Landscape: mountains, hills
Landform: mountain slopes, hillslopes
Slopes: 0 to 70 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 450 mm (18 in)
Mean annual air temperature: about -4 degrees C. (25 degrees F.)
Frost-free period: 70 to 90 days
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Typic Haplocryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Tui silt loam in a white spruce woodland on a south facing convex, convex nose slope on a slope of 21 percent at an elevation of 505 m (1660 ft)
Oe--0 to 6 cm (0 to 2 in); moderately decomposed plant material, very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) broken face moist, brown (7.5YR 4/2) broken face dry; many very fine and common fine and medium roots throughout; 2 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear smooth boundary (2 to 12 cm, 1 to 5 in thick)
Bw--6 to 11 cm (2 to 4 in); silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face moist, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; very fine dendritic tubular and fine dendritic tubular pores; 5 percent gravel, 1 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary (2 to 10 cm, 1 to 4 in thick)
Ab--11 to 20 cm (4 to 8 in); gravelly silt, black (10YR 2/1) broken face moist, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; very fine and fine dendritic tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual smooth boundary (4 to 10 cm, 2 to 4 in thick)
Bwb--20 to 44 cm (8 to 17 in); silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face moist, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine and fine roots throughout; very fine and fine dendritic tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary (15 to 75 cm, 6 to 30 in thick)
2Cb1--44 to 65 cm (17 to 26 in); very gravelly silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) broken face moist, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine roots throughout; very fine dendritic tubular pores; 40 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); clear smooth boundary (15 to 40 cm, 6 to 16 in thick)
2Cb2--65 to 200 cm (26 to 79 in); extremely gravelly silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) broken face moist, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; massive; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; fine interstitial pores; 55 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles ; neutral (pH 6.8). (53 to 162 cm, 21 to 64 in thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey Area, Alaska; latitude 64 degrees 19 minutes 28.00 seconds north, longitude 159 degrees 53 minutes 17.40 seconds west, datum WGS84, UTM north 7133468.60 and UTM east 457063.32, zone 4W, d
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: udic
Soil temperature regime: cryic
Mean annual soil temperature: 0 to 3 degrees C. (32 to 37 degrees F.)
Thickness of organic material: 2 to 12 cm (1 to 5 in)
Thickness of ochric epipedon: 2 to 12 cm (1 to 5 in)
Thickness of cambic horizon: 21 to 95 cm (8 to 37 in)
Depth to lithologic discontinuity: 23 to 107 cm (9 to 42 in)
Oe horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 5YR
Value: 2 to 3 moist, 4 to 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: moderately or highly decomposed plant material
Rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent
Gravels: 0 to 20 percent
Organic matter: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction class: strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 5.1 to 6.5)
Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 4 moist, 5 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 5 to 65 percent
Silt: 18 to 83 percent
Clay: 6 to 17 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent
Gravels: 0 to 30 percent
Cobbles: 1 to 3 percent
Organic matter: 1 to 4 percent
Reaction class: moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3)
Ab horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 2 to 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 2
Texture: gravelly silt, silt loam, or fine sandy loam
Sand: 0 to 65 percent
Silt: 25 to 97 percent
Clay: 3 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 34 percent
Gravels: 15 to 34 percent
Organic matter: 2 to 8 percent
Reaction class: moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3)
Bwb horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 4 moist, 5 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, loam, or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 20 to 50 percent
Silt: 33 to 75 percent
Clay: 5 to 17 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 34 percent
Gravels: 5 to 34 percent
Organic matter: 1 to 4 percent
Reaction class: moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3)
2C horizons:
Hue: 2.5Y, 5Y, or 10YR
Value: 3 to 4 moist, 5 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 2
Texture: very or extremely gravelly silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Sand: 15 to 75 percent
Silt: 8 to 80 percent
Clay: 5 to 17 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Gravels: 20 to 65 percent
Cobbles: 0 to 20 percent
Organic matter: 0.4 to 3 percent
Reaction class: moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.6 to 7.8)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Urgiilik,
Aniruk, Siksrik,
Anugi,
Soakpak,
Telay,
Basaltlake,
Butchlake,
Nunatak (AK),
Raymond (WY),
Storm,
Enentah (CO),
Targhee (ID, CO, & MT),
Cuberant (UT),
Garlet,
Kegsprings,
Mountedith,
Nooney (MT), and
Gromes (NM) series.
Urgiilik soils are moderately deep to lithic bedrock.
Aniruk soils are very flaggy on the surface and do not have buried genetic horizons.
Siksrik soils have a mantle of silt at depths between 2 to 32 cm (1 to 13 in).
Anugi soils are very deep to lithic bedrock.
Soakpak soils have dry permafrost at shallow depths and need to be reclassified.
Telay soils have a thin (0 to 5 cm, 0 to 2 in) layer of mucky peat at the surface.
Basaltlake soils have olive gray (5Y 4/2) low chroma mottles at depths between 51 to 79 cm (20 to 31 in).
Butchlake soils have a mucky silt loam surface texture.
Nunatak soils have lithic contact at 100 to 150 cm (39 to 59 in).
Raymond soils have carbonate concretions on the bottoms of rock fragments in the C horizon.
Storm soils have an E horizon and extremely flaggy surface textures.
Enentah soils have albic and spodic horizons and a very stony loam surface texture.
Targhee soils do not have an O horizon and are moderately deep to rhyolitic tuff bedrock.
Cuberant soils have lithic bedrock at 8 to 16 cm (20 to 40 in).
Garlet soils have an albic horizon and pedogenic accumulations of calcium carbonates.
Kegsprings soils have a 13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 in) thick surface of slightly decomposed forest litter.
Mountedith soils have an E horizon.
Nooney soils have a thin (0 to 2 cm, 0 to 1 in) surface of slightly decomposed forest litter.
Gromes soils occur at 2,950 to 3,350 m (9,700 to 11,000 ft) elevation.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation: 100 to 730 meters (325 to 2,400 feet)
Parent material: silty colluvium and/or loamy colluvium over gravelly loamy colluvium derived from graywacke
Landform: mountain slopes, hillslopes
Slopes: 0 to 70 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 300 to 600 mm (12 to 24 in)
Mean annual air temperature: -6 to -1 degrees C. (21 to 30 degrees F.)
Frost free period: 70 to 90 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Sikuruk,
Kimigaak,
Talikridge, Kalasikcreek,
Akiuk,
Iyagak,
Kikku,
Urgiilik, Tumi,
Iyyagrik,
Kulik,
Aklak,
Muskox, and Tenmileriver soils.
Sikuruk soils are moderately deep to permafrost, have aquic conditions throughout the profile, and occur on similar landforms on shoulder positions.
Kimigaak soils have andic soil properties, are moderately deep to lithic bedrock, and occur on ridges of hills on summit positions.
Talikridge soils have folistic and mollic epipedons and occur on ridges of mountains on summit positions.
Kalasikcreek soils are moderately deep to paralithic bedrock, have a gelic temperature regime, and occur on similar landforms on summit and shoulder positions.
Akiuk soils are shallow to paralithic bedrock and occur on ridges of mountains.
Iyagak soils have a fragmental particle size class and occur on similar landforms on swale microfeatures.
Kikku soils have a histic epipedon, free carbonates in the substratum, a gelic temperature regime, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Urgiilik soils are moderately deep to lithic bedrock and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Tumi soils have flat shale fragments throughout the profile, are moderately deep to lithic bedrock, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Iyyagrik soils have a mollic epipedon, are deep to lithic bedrock, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Kulik soils have a mollic epipedon, a gelic temperature regime, are moderately deep to lithic bedrock, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Aklak soils have a mollic epipedon, a fragmental particle size class, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Muskox soils have an umbric epipedon, a coarse-loamy particle size class, and occur on similar landforms on backslope positions.
Tenmileriver soils have an umbric epipedon, andic soil properties, and occur on similar landforms on backslope and footslope positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: very high in the Oe horizon; moderately high to high in the Bw, Ab, and 2C1 horizon; and moderately low to moderately high in the 2C2 horizon
Permeability: rapid to very rapid in the Oe horizon; moderate to rapid in the Bw, Ab, and 2C1 horizons; moderate to moderately rapid in the Bwb horizon; and very slow to moderate in the 2C2 horizon
Runoff: high or medium
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use: wildlife habitat, recreation, and subsistence
Native vegetation: bog blueberry, greygreen reindeer lichen, cup lichen, black crowberry, white spruce, reindeer lichen, tealeaf willow, dwarf birch, and Altai fescue
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 240, Nulato Hills-Southern Seward Peninsula Highlands. The series is of moderate extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Wasilla, Alaska
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey, Alaska, 2024.
REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:
Particle-size control section: 31 to 106 cm (12 to 42 in)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 6 cm (0 to 2 in) (Oe horizon)
Cambic horizon: 6 to 44 cm (2 to 17 in) (Bw, Ab, and Bwb horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: 44 to 200 cm (17 to 79 in) (2C horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
User pedon ID: 2021AK290679
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.