LOCATION TURNEY                  NM+AZ TX

Established Series
Rev. CEM/LWH/KFS/WWJ
12/2014

TURNEY SERIES

The Turney series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy, calcareous alluvium on bajadas, terraces and piedmont slopes. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Average annual precipitation is about 9 inches. Average annual air temperature is about 60 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Turney sandy clay loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 6 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak very thin and thin platy structure in the upper one-half inch grading to weak very fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; slightly effervescent; calcium carbonate is disseminated; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)

Bw--6 to 21 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) sandy clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; slightly effervescent; calcium carbonate is disseminated and segregated as few soft masses and in seams; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 24 inches thick)

Bk1--21 to 28 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/4) sandy clay loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; strongly effervescent; calcium carbonate is disseminated and segregated as soft masses, concretions and in seams; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)

Bk2--28 to 64 inches; pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) sandy clay loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) moist; massive; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine pores; violently effervescent; calcium carbonate is weakly cemented in upper 12 inches, less than a hardness of 3 on the Moh's scale, about 50 percent slakes when soaked in water, grades to softer material with depths; strongly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Dona Ana County, New Mexico; NW 1/4, SW 1/4, sec. 28, T.20S., R.2E.; 106 degrees 41 minutes 49 seconds west longitude and 32 degrees 32 minutes 17 seconds north latitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section July through September and December through March. The soil is driest during May and June. Typic aridic moisture regime.

Depth to base of Bw horizon: 14 to 36 inches

Depth to weakly cemented calcic horizon: 20 to 40 inches

Soil temperature: 59 to 72 degrees F.

Coarse fragments: less than 15 percent in particle-size control section

A horizon
Hue: 5YR, 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 5, dry or moist

Bw horizon
Hue: 5YR, 10YR
Value: 5 to 8, dry or moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam

Bk horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 8 dry, 3 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam
Cementation: Bk2 horizon ranges from weak to strong with noncontinuous induration in parts of the horizon and does not qualify as a petrocalcic horizon.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bridge (AZ), Chutum (AZ), Deltajo (NM), Laverkin (UT), Sotim (NM), and Weedpatch (CA) series. Bridge soils have ash and tuffaceous materials in the particle-size control section. Chutum, Laverkin and Sotim soils do not have a weakly cemented Bk horizon. Deltajo soils are moderately deep to a lithic contact. Weedpatch soils are in the San Joaquin Valley (MLRA 17) receive mostly winter precipitation and usually dry from April through November.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Turney soils are on bajadas, terraces and piedmont slopes. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Elevations range from 3,000 to 5,870 feet. The climate is semiarid to arid continental. The average annual precipitation ranges from 8 to 10 inches. The average annual air temperature ranges from 57 to 70 degrees F. The frost-free season is about 180 to 240 days. In Arizona and Texas, elevations are as low as 2,000 feet, precipitation as high as 13 inches, air temperature as high as 70 degrees and frost free season as long as 260 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Banbar, Dona Ana, Cacique, Hueco and Jal soils. Banbar, Dona Ana, Cacique and Hueco soils have argillic horizons. Jal soils have carbonatic mineralogy.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; low runoff; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for livestock grazing. Native vegetation is mesa dropseed, tobosa grass, burrograss, black grama, yucca, ephedra and mesquite.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern New Mexico and Trans-Pecos area of western Texas. The series is of moderate extent. MLRAs 41 & 42.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dona Ana County, New Mexico, 1973.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 6 inches (A horizon)

Cambic horizon: 6 to 21 inches (Bw horizon)

Calcic horizon: 21 to 60 inches (Bk horizon)

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

Revised for the correlation of Hudspeth County, Texas (Main Part) and Culberson County, Texas (Main Part); July, 2012, NMS

Revised for the correlation of White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico; October, 2014, NMS

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL data are available number S91NM 023 006

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.