LOCATION TAVER                   KS

Established Series
Rev. JCW, RMM, JGA
05/2011

TAVER SERIES

The Taver series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils on paleoterraces in river valleys formed in alluvium in the Great Bend Sand Plains (MLRA 79). Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 700 mm (28 in.) and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (56 degrees F) at the type location.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Udertic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Taver loam in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 in.); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), interior, moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 24 percent clay; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 43 cm; 2 to 17 in. thick)

2Bt1--18 to 43 cm (7 to 17 in.); dark gray (10YR 4/1), interior, silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 35 percent clay; few prominent continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous pressure faces on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt2--43 to 84 cm (17 to 33 in.); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, silty clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 41 percent clay; common prominent continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous pressure faces on vertical faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons range from 30 to 120 cm; 12 to 47 in.)

2Btk1--84 to 135 cm (33 to 53 in.); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), interior, silty clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2), interior, moist; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 35 percent clay; few prominent continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few prominent continuous manganese or iron-manganese stains on vertical faces of peds and very few distinct discontinuous pressure faces on vertical faces of peds; common fine irregular carbonate threads throughout; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

2Btk2--135 to 163 cm (53 to 64 in.); light olive gray (5Y 6/2), interior, clay loam, olive gray (5Y 5/2), interior, moist; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; 30 percent clay; few prominent continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous manganese or iron-manganese stains on vertical faces of peds; common fine irregular carbonate threads throughout; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the 2Btk horizons range from 0 to 150 cm; 0 to 59 in.)

3Bt--163 to 200 cm (64 to 80 in.); pale brown (10YR 6/3), interior, sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3), interior, moist; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 20 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous manganese or iron-manganese stains on vertical faces of peds; common fine irregular soft masses of iron-manganese throughout; slightly alkaline. (0 to 114 cm thick; 0 to 45 in. thick)

TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; 12.9 kilometers (8 miles) west and 3.2 kilometers (2 miles) south of Nickerson, 724 meters (2376 feet) south and 91 meters (300 feet) east of the northwest corner of sec. 20, T. 22 S., and R. 08 W.; USGS Sterling SW topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 7 minutes 22.74 seconds N. and long. 98 degrees 14 minutes 0.03 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: : An ustic moisture regime bordering on udic.
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Mean annual soil temperature: 13 or 14 degrees C (55to 57 degrees F)
Particle-size control section: 35 to 45 percent clay
Particle-size control section: 5 to 35 percent sand
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 25 to 200 cm (10 to 80 in.)
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations: 75 to 100 cm (30 to 40 in.)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 49 cm (10 to 19 in.)

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 (dry) 3 to 5 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam, silty clay loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 35 percent
Sand content: 10 to 70 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7 (dry) 3 to 6 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay, clay loam, clay or silty clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
Sand content: 5 to 35 percent
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 15 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

2Btk horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7 (dry) 3 to 6 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay, clay loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
Sand content: 5 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 15 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

3Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 (dry) 4 or 5 (moist)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: clay loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Sand content: 30 to 60 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Redoximorphic features: 5 to 30 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: alluvium
Landform: nearly level to very gently sloping concave areas on paleoterraces in river valleys Slopes: 0 to 1 percent
Elevation: 350 to 740 meters (1150 to 2430 feet)
Mean annual air temperature: 13 or14 degrees C (55 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 640 to 810 mm (25 to 32 in.)
Frost-free period: 180 to 230 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Carbika, Farnum, Funmar, Naron, and Saltcreek series.
Carbika soils are in depressions on paleoterraces in river valleys and are poorly drained.
Farnum and Funmar soils are on nearly level to gently sloping areas on paleoterraces and have 20 to 34 percent clay in the particle size control section, and Funmar soils have a paleosol between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in.).
Naron soils are on small dunes on paleoterraces and have 18 to 25 percent clay in the particle size control section.
Saltcreek soils are on small dunes on paleoterraces, have 18 to 28 percent clay in the particle size control section, and have a paleosol occurring between 65 to 150 cm (25 and 60 in).

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: moderately well drained
Runoff: slow
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: low

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most of these soils are used for small grains and sorghums. Native vegetation was little bluestem, big bluestem, indiangrass, and switchgrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
South Central Kansas. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 79 Great Bend Sand Plains. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, Kansas 1999

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 43 cm (0 to 17 in.) (Ap, 2Bt1)
argillic horizon: The zone from 18 to 200 cm (7 to 80 in.) (2Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Btk1, 2Btk2, 3Bt)

This soil was formerly mapped as Tabler.
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eleventh edition, 2010

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data that supports this series are: NSSL lab pedon number 06N0197 (pedon ID S05KS155004)
12/23/99: Established series with Reno County final correlation.
JGA 08/2009 Update pedon description, competing series and range in characteristics.
JCW 05/2011 Update range in characteristics.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.