LOCATION NEWCO TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Newco fine sandy loam, on a smooth forested slope of 3 percent. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise specified.)
A1--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam; few stains of dark grayish brown; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine, medium, and coarse roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
A2--4 to 10 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable; slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine, medium and coarse roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
B21t--10 to 24 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay, common medium distinct red (2.5YR 4/8) and light brown (7.5YR 6/4) mottles; few fine gray (10YR 6/1) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common fine and medium roots; few coarse roots; few clay films or pressure faces; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 15 inches thick)
B22t--24 to 29 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay, common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) and red (2.5YR 4/8) mottles; strong medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common fine and medium roots; few coarse roots; few clay films or pressure faces; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 16 inches thick)
B23t--29 to 48 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) clay, common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) mottles; strong medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 27 inches thick)
C--48 to 80 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy clay loam; common medium prominent mottles of red (2.5YR 4/8); angular blocky structure; interbedded with layers of platy or massive clay; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Newton County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 190 and Farm Road 2626 near Bon Wier, 4.9 miles northeast and north along Farm Road 2626, 0.6 miles north along county road, 150 feet east along forest trail and 15 feet north in forest.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Base saturation ranges from 10 to 30 percent.
The A1 horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 through 5, chroma of 2 or 3. The A2 horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 2 or 3. Texture of the A horizon ranges from sandy loam to loam. Reaction is medium acid to very strongly acid.
The B21t and the B22t horizons have a hue of 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 through 8. Mottles in shades of red and yellow range from none to common. Gray mottles due to wetness range from none to common in the B21t or B22t, but low chroma are within 24 inches of the top of the Bt. The B23t horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7, chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles in shade of red, yellow, and brown range from none to common. Texture of the Bt is clay or silty clay with a clay content of 40 to 60 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to very strongly acid.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 6 or 7, chroma of 1 or 2. Mottles in shades of red, yellow, and brown range from none to common. Texture of the platy strata ranges from fine sandy loam to clay with layers of shale and sandstone. Reaction is strongly acid or very strongly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Annemaine, Beason, Craven, Creedmore, Dogue, Eulonia, Helena, Lignum, Nemours, Rosenwall, Sacul, Stapp, Vinita, and Wolftever series in the same family and the Angie, Etoile, Kirvin, Urland, and Woodtell series. Annemaine and Eulonia soils have mica flakes in the lower sola. Beason, Craven, Dogue, Helena, Lignum, and Wolftever soils have B21t horizons with colors of 7.5YR hue of yellower; in addition, Helena and Lignum soils overlie piedmont rocks. Creedmore soils have B1 and upper B2 horizons that have a yellowish matrix color and overlie piedmont rocks. Etoile and Woodtell soils have base saturation of more than 35 percent. Sacul soils are on Eocene and older geological formations and are assumed to have chemical differences. Stapp soils are 40 to 60 inches deep over tilted bedrock. Angie soils have sola greater than 60 inches. Kirvin and Urland soils lack gray mottles due to wetness within 30 inches of the surface. Nemours soils are underlain by loamy sand. Rosenwall and Vinita soils have sola less than 40 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Newco soils are on plane or concave nearly level to moderately steep upland of the West Coastal Plains. Slopes range from 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in stratified loamy and clayey sediments of Pleistocene Age, mainly of the Willis formation. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 46 to 58 inches. Summer rainfall ranges from 30 to 40 inches. Summer moisture deficit ranges from 0 to 4 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 66 degrees to 70 degrees F., and the Thornthwaite annual P-E indices exceed 72.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Urland series and the Bonwier, Woodville, Boykin, Doucette, and Shankler series. All these soils are on similar positions in landscape. Bonwier, Boykin, Doucette, and Shankler soils have fine-loamy control sections. Woodville soils have more than 35 percent base saturation and have a thicker solum.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Newco soils are moderately well drained. Runoff is medium to slow. These soils are slowly permeable. No water table has been observed, but these soils are wet and saturated for long enough periods to develop low chroma colors.
USE AND VEGETATION: Areas are used mainly for woodland with a few areas in pasture. The main trees are shortleaf pine, loblolly pine, red oak, and sweetgum trees with an understory of grasses and shrubs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West Coastal Plains of Southeastern Texas and Southwest Louisiana. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newton County, Texas; 1980.
REMARKS: The Newco soils were previously mapped with the Sacul series. Changed classification from clayey family to fine family in 2003 and assigned to semiactive class based on review of associated soils and limited lab data.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Base saturation by Hach Kit at type location is 18 percent.