LOCATION VINCENNES INEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Typic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Vincennes loam on a nearly level slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 11 inches thick)
Bg1--10 to 15 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few thin dark gray (10YR 4/1) organic coatings in root channels; common fine roots; few fine dark concretions (Fe & Mn oxides); medium acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bg2--15 to 34 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few fine dark concretions (Fe & Mn oxides); strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg3--34 to 54 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine dark concretions (Fe & Mn oxides); strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the B horizon is 30 to 50 inches.)
Cg--54 to 60 inches; mottled light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) stratified clay loam, sandy loam and loam; massive; firm; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Knox County, Indiana; 1600 feet northwest and 1600 feet southwest of the east corner of donation 225, T. 2 N., R. 8 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum is 40 to 60 inches. Coarse fragments range from none to 10 percent in the solum and C horizon.
Where present, the A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1. It is slightly acid to strongly acid and 2 to 4 inches thick. The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam, silt loam, clay loam or silty clay loam and is strongly acid to neutral.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 1 or 2. It is commonly clay loam, sandy clay loam or loam and subhorizons are silty clay loam in some pedons. It is firm or friable. It is strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper 10 inches and very strongly acid to medium acid in the lower part. A B1 horizon is in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 5 or 6; and chroma of 1 to 4. It commonly is stratified. Textures include clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam, sandy loam and silt loam. It ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
A sandy substratum phase and a flooded phase are recognized.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the family. Other similar series are the Atkins, Peoga, and Zipp series. Atkins soils have an irregular decrease in organic matter. Peoga soils have argillic horizons and are fine-silty. Zipp soils are fine.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Vincennes soils are typically on nearly level low lying terraces along larger streams. The Vincennes soils formed in loamy waterlaid sediments. The climate is midcontinental type; summers are hot and winters are cold. The average daily minimum temperature in January is about 22 degrees F. The average daily maximum temperature in July is 88 degrees F. The mean annual temperature ranges from about 53 to 57 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from about 40 to 45 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The Bartle, Conotton, Elkinsville, Pekin, Peoga, and Selma soils are associated on the low terraces. All of these soils except Selma have argillic horizons. Selma soils have mollic epipedons. Ross, Haymond, Genesee, and Cuba soila are on nearby flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Surface runoff is very slow. Permeability is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Chiefly cropped to corn, soybeans, wheat and clover. Native vegetation was forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Indiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Knox County, Indiana, 1934.