LOCATION WAAW                    WA

Established Series
Rev. PNP/KDPL/SBC
09/2019

WAAW SERIES


Landscape--mountains, plateaus
Landform--mountain slopes, structural benches
Slope--5 to 35 percent
Parent material--volcanic ash over mixed volcanic ash and colluvium derived from basalt
Mean annual precipitation--about 1500 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 3 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, mixed Humic Xeric Vitricryands

TYPICAL PEDON: Waaw ashy sandy loam in an area of forestland, on an 18-percent, northeast-facing slope at an elevation of 1375 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)

Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed needles and twigs

A--3 to 46 cm; ashy sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine, common medium, and few coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.5; gradual smooth boundary

Bw1--46 to 79 cm; ashy sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine, common medium, and few coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.5; clear wavy boundary

2Bw2--79 to 99 cm; very gravelly ashy fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slight hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 35 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.5; clear wavy boundary

2Bw3--99 to 163 cm; very gravelly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 35 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.5

TYPE LOCATION: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington, about 6.5 km northwest of Cougar Creek Guard Station; about 700 m south and 120 m west of the northeast corner of section 7, T. 8 N., R. 12 E.; latitude 46.1979186, longitude -121.3449613, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from section, township, and range)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm--4 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--7 to 8 degrees C
Moisture control section--usually moist, but dry in all parts 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
Thickness of andic soil material--more than 100 cm
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5 throughout

Upper part of andic soil material and umbric epipedon
*Thickness--65 to 95 cm
*Moist bulk density--0.75 to 0.85 g/cm3
*Glass content--5 to 30 percent
*Ammonium oxalate aluminum plus one-half iron--1 to 2 percent
*15-bar water retention--5 to 10 percent (air-dried samples)
*Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent

Lower part of andic soil material
*Moist bulk density--0.80 to 1.0 g/cm3
*15-bar water retention--8 to 12 percent (air-dried samples)
*Rock fragment content--30 to 55 percent

Oi horizon
Thickness--0 to 5 cm

A horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 dry, 1 or 2 moist
Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent
Thickness--41 to 48 cm

Bw horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--ashy sandy loam, ashy fine sandy loam, ashy loamy sand
Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent
Thickness--23 to 48 cm

2Bw horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--4 to 6 dry
Chroma--2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--ashy loam, ashy fine sandy loam, ashy sandy loam
Rock fragment content--30 to 55 percent
Combined thickness--74 to 150 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Snowplow--umbric epipedon 25 to 50 cm thick

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1275 to 2000 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--1150 to 1800 mm
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 4 degrees C
Frost-free season--40 to 70 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Anipash--on alluvial bottoms and in depressions; histic epipedon
Snowplow--on benches and side slopes; umbric epipedon 25 to 50 cm thick
Watergate--on mountain side slopes; frigid soil temperature regime

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, recreation
Native vegetation--lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, western larch, beargrass, smooth woodrush

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East slopes of Cascade Mountains in south-central Washington; MLRA 6; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington; 2014

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 3 to 79 cm
*Andic properties--zone from 3 to 163 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 79 to 163 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 3 to 103 cm

Waaw is the Yakama word for mountain goat. The type location for this series is in the vicinity of Goat Butte, an area renowned for its mountain goat population. This series originally was named the Goatbutte series.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.