LOCATION WATERGATE WA
Established Series
Rev. SDH/KH/SBC
09/2019
WATERGATE SERIES
Landscape--mountains
Landform--structural benches, mountain slopes
Slope--2 to 90 percent
Parent material--volcanic ash mantle over colluvium derived from basalt and andesite mixed with volcanic ash
Mean annual precipitation--about 970 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, mixed, frigid Humic Vitrixerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Watergate ashy sandy loam in an area of forestland, on a 24-percent, east-facing backslope at an elevation of 1150 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 8 cm; partially decomposed needles and twigs
A--8 to 48 cm; ashy sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak very fine and fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; few very fine and fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.6), NaF pH 10.5; gradual wavy boundary
Bw1--48 to 81 cm; gravelly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common very fine, fine, and medium and few coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.3), NaF pH 10.5; clear wavy boundary
2Bw2--81 to 109 cm; very gravelly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine and few medium irregular pores; 35 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.0; clear wavy boundary
2Bw3--109 to 165 cm; extremely cobbly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8), NaF pH 11.0
TYPE LOCATION: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington, about 8 km northwest of Castille Falls, along the Klickitat River; about 3 m north and 1.5 m east of the southwest corner of section 35, T. 10 N., R. 12 E.; latitude 46.3018324, longitude -121.2914769, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from section, township, and range)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm--7 to 8 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
Rock fragment content in particle-size control section--20 to 35 percent by weighted average
Rock fragment content below discontinuity (2Bw horizon)--35 to 60 percent
Roundness class of rock fragments--subangular, angular
Thickness of umbric epipedon--25 to 50 cm
Estimated andic soil properties
*Moist bulk density--0.75 to 0.90 g/cm3
*Glass content--5 to 30 percent
*Ammonium oxalate aluminum plus one-half iron--2 to 3 percent
*15-bar water retention (air-dried samples)--5 to 12 percent
A horizon
Value--3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 dry or moist
Rock fragment content--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Thickness--25 to 50 cm
Bw horizon
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
Value--3 to 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 6 dry or moist
Rock fragment content--10 to 35 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Thickness--0 to 43 cm
2Bw horizon
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
Value--3 to 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 6 dry or moist
Rock fragment content--35 to 60 percent
Combined thickness--greater than 50 cm
COMPETING SERIES:
Kakyawala--0 to 10 percent rock fragments throughout particle-size control section
Yatama--umbric epipedon 50 to 100 cm thick; subrounded rock fragments
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--730 to 1350 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--890 to 1300 mm
Mean annual air temperature--6 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free season--70 to 100 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Kaat--on plateaus, benches, and side slopes of mountains; ashy-skeletal particle-size class
Singh--on benches and side slopes; argillic horizon; ashy over loamy-skeletal particle-size class
Slakish--on benches, plateaus, and side slopes of mountains; ochric epipedon; 100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Tahkeal--on terraces, and benches and side slopes of mountains; amorphic mineralogy; ochric epipedon
Waaw--plateaus and side slopes of mountains; cryic soil temperature regime
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--mainly timber production, livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and watershed
Vegetation--grand fir, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, elk sedge, pyrola, dogtooth lily, heartleaf arnica, prince's pine, rose
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern slopes of Cascade Mountains, Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington; MLRA 6; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington; 2014
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 8 to 48 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 8 to 165 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 48 to 165 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 8 to 108 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.