LOCATION WAGRAM NC+AL FL GA SC VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Arenic Kandiudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Wagram loamy sand--in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soils, unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 10 inches thick)
E--8 to 24 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; few lenses of sandy loam; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 35 inches thick)
Bt1--24 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; few penetrations of loamy sand E material in old root channels; few areas are brittle; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt2--27 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films in pores and on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--38 to 52 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common clean grains of coarse sand; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--52 to 75 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; few medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron and few medium faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable slightly sticky, slightly plastic; strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 21 to 60 inches or more.)
BC--75 to 82 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; massive; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; few lenses or pockets of sandy clay loam; many medium and coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; some gray areas contain very coarse sand grains; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Scotland County, North Carolina; 4.2 miles north of Laurinburg on U.S. 501, 0.2 mile north of Five-Points and 75 feet west of highway.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Thickness of the sandy surface and subsurface layers: 20 to 39 inches
Depth to top of the argillic horizon: 20 to 39 inches
Depth to the base of the Argillic horizon: 60 to 80 inches
Depth to top of the Kandic horizon: 20 to 39 inches
Depth to seasonal high water table: Greater than 60 inches
Rock Fragment content: 0 to 5 percent, by volume; mostly quartz pebbles or ironstone fragments
Other features--0 to less than 5 percent plinthite, by volume, in the lower part of the Bt horizon, and below 60 inches 0 to 15 percent
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, unless limed
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap or A horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 1 to 4, or is neutral with value of 3 to 6
Texture--sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
E horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 2 to 4, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture--sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture--sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Mottles (where present)--shades of red, brown, or yellow
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray. Depletions with chroma of 2 or less are below a depth of 60 inches.
BC horizon or BCt horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 3 to 8, or is variegated in shades of these colors
Texture--sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray. Depletions with chroma of 2 or less are below a depth of 60 inches.
COMPETING SERIES:
Lucy soils--have Bt horizons with hue of 5YR or redder
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Upper and middle coastal plain
Landform: Uplands
Geomorphic Component: Interfluves, side slopes
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, backslope
Parent Material: Fluviomarine deposits and marine deposits
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Elevation: 30 to 300 feet
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 57 to 70 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 35 to 55 inches
Frost Free Period: 195 to 245 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Blanton soils--have sandy A horizons more than 40 inches thick
Bonneau soils--have seasonal high water table at a depth of 40 to 60 inches
Goldsboro soils--have thinner A horizons and are more poorly drained
Lucy soils--have Bt horizons with hue of 5YR or redder
Lynchburg soils--have thinner A horizons and are more poorly drained
Norfolk soils--have sandy surface layers less than 20 inches thick
Ocilla soils--are somewhat poorly drained
Pocalla soils--have a bisequal profile
Rains soils--have thinner A horizons and are more poorly drained
Troup soils--have sandy A horizons more than 40 inches thick
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Somewhat excessively drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to medium
Permeability: Moderate
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--tobacco, cotton, corn, and small grains. Where wooded--loblolly and longleaf pine, white oak, red oak, turkey oak, and post oak; hickory, holly, and dogwood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama
Extent: Large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Scotland County, North Carolina; 1965
REMARKS: This revision recognizes the low activity clay properties of this soil as defined in the Low Activity Clay Amendment to Soil Taxonomy, August 1986. This series includes soils previously classified as thick surface phases of the Norfolk series and some previously classified as moderately shallow phases of the Lakeland series. Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 24 inches (A, E horizons)
Arenic features--the zone from the surface to a depth of 24 inches (A, E horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone between 24 and 75 inches (Bt horizons)
Kandic horizon--the zone between 24 and 75 inches has low activity clay in more than 50 percent of the upper 40 inches of the horizon (Bt horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Characterization samples were analyzed and are available from NRCS-Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE; pedon numbers--S81NC101003, S00NC101001, S99GA103039
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NC0042 WAGRAM 0-15 57-70 195-245 35-55 30-300SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NC0042 NONE >5.0 - - >80 -
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0042 0-24 LS LFS 0-0 98-100 2-10 1-3 NC0042 0-24 FS S 0-0 90-100 1-7 1-3 NC0042 24-75 SCL SL 0-0 98-100 10-35 1-4
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0042 0-24 3.5- 5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 6.0-20 LOW NC0042 0-24 3.5- 5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 6.0-20 LOW NC0042 24-75 3.5- 5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW