LOCATION RAINS SC+AL FL GA NC VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Rains loamy sand--forested. (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
A--0 to 7 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sandy loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Eg--7 to 12 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and few medium roots; many fine pores; few fingers of A horizon in upper part; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 11 inches thick)
Btg1--12 to 20 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; many fine pores; many clay bridging between sand grains; few medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in lower half; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--20 to 40 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; many fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few coarse pockets of gray sandy loam; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg3--40 to 52 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg4--52 to 62 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is more than 40 inches.)
BCg--62 to 79 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Cg--79 to 85 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) sand; single grain; loose; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Florence County, South Carolina; about 2.0 miles southeast of Timmonsville; 1.1 miles south of intersection of State Highway 45 and U.S. Highway 76; 150 feet west of State Highway 45.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the surface and subsurface layers: 4 to 19 inches
Depth to top of the argillic horizon: 4 to 19 inches
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 60 to more than 80 inches
Depth to bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Depth to seasonal high water table: 0 to 12 inches, December to April
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent throughout
Soil reaction: Extremely acid to strongly throughout, unless limed
Depth to lithologic discontinuity (abrupt textural change): Greater than 40 inches
Other soil features--The upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon has less than 30 percent silt.
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A horizon or Ap horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 5, chroma of 1 to 2, or is neutral with value of 2 to 5
Texture--sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Eg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 0 to 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture--sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Redoximorphic features (where present)--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Btg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 to 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture--typically, sandy clay loam or clay loam and includes sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam in the upper part and sandy clay in the lower part.
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
BCg horizon or BCtg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 to 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or sandy clay
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
Cg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture--coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam, and may be stratified with finer or coarser-textured materials
Redoximorphic features--iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray and masses of oxidized iron or iron-manganese masses in shades of red, yellow, or brown
2Cg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture--coarse sand, sand, fine sand, loamy coarse sand, or loamy sand and may be stratified with finer-textured material
COMPETING SERIES: None
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Lower, middle, upper coastal plain
Landform: Flats, depressions, Carolina bays
Geomorphic Component: Talfs, dips
Parent Material: Marine deposits, fluviomarine deposits
Elevation: 40 to 450 feet
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 57 to 70 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 35 to 55 inches
Frost Free Period: 190 to 245 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Chipley soils--do not have an argillic horizon
Coxville soils---have more than 35 percent clay in the top 20 inches of the Bt horizon
Dunbar soils--have more than 35 percent clay in the top 20 inches of the Bt horizon
Goldsboro soils--have dominant chroma of 3 or more between the base of the A or Ap horizons and depths of 30 inches
Lynchburg soils--have higher chroma between the base of the A or Ap
horizon and a depth of 30 inches
Noboco soils--are better drained and have a seasonal high water table at 30 to 40 inches below the soil surface
Norfolk soils--are better drained and have a seasonal high water table at more than 40 inches below the soil surface
Ocilla soils--have sandy A and E horizons more than 20 inches thick
Pantego soils--have an umbric epipedon
Paxville soils--have an umbric epipedon
Pelham soils--have sandy A and E horizons more than 20 inches thick
Scranton soils--do not have an argillic horizon
Stallings soils--have less than 18 percent clay in the top 20 inches of the Bt horizon
Woodington soils--have less than 18 percent clay in the top 20 inches of the Bt horizon
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow, persistent
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None, very rare, rare, occasional, frequent for brief to
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible
Permeability: Moderate (Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high
Shrink-Swell Potential: Low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Forest, cropland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, and small grains. Where wooded--pond pine, loblolly pine, and hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia
Extent: Large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Berkeley County, South Carolina, 1948
REMARKS: The central concept for the Rains series does not include a flooding hazard. However, the series has been correlated in flood plain positions. Additional research is needed to determine if areas of Rains soils that are subject to flooding have haplic or pale clay distribution.
Diagnostic horizons, soil characteristics, and special features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to 12 inches (A, E horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 12 to 62 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and Btg4 horizons)
Aquults feature--dominant chroma of 1 in the matrix of the argillic horizon, with masses of oxidized iron
Aquic conditions--periodic saturation and reduction in a zone from 0 to 80 inches of the soil surface at some time during the year (endosaturation)
Lithologic discontinuity--abrupt textural change starting at a depth of 79 inches (2Cg horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation FL0129 RAINS 0-2 - - - - SC0020 RAINS 0-2 57-70 190-245 38-52 40-450 SC0102 RAINS 0-2 57-70 190-225 38-52 300-450 SC0116 RAINS 0-2 57-70 190-245 38-52 40-450SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness FL0129 NONE 0-1.0 APPARENT JUN-JAN >80 - SC0020 NONE 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-APR >80 - SC0102 NONE 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-MAR >80 - SC0116 COMMON 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-APR >80 -
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- FL0129 0-12 S FS 0- 0 98-100 2-5 - FL0129 12-62 SCL 0- 0 98-100 18-35 - FL0129 62-85 LS LFS SL 0- 0 95-100 2-15 -
SC0020 0-12 LS LFS S 0- 0 95-100 2-10 1-4 SC0020 0-12 SL FSL VFSL 0- 0 95-100 5-20 1-5 SC0020 0-12 L 0- 0 95-100 7-27 2-6 SC0020 12-40 FSL SCL SL 0- 0 95-100 18-35 2-5 SC0020 40-62 SCL CL SC 0- 0 98-100 18-40 2-7 SC0020 62-79 SL SCL SC 0- 0 95-100 15-45 1-6
SC0102 0-14 SL 0- 2 95-100 5-20 1-5 SC0102 14-36 SCL SL 0- 2 90-100 18-35 2-5 SC0102 36-46 CEM - - - -
SC0116 0-12 SL FSL 0- 0 92-100 5-20 1-5 SC0116 0-12 VFSL L 0- 0 92-100 7-24 1-6 SC0116 12-40 SCL CL 0- 0 95-100 18-35 2-5 SC0116 40-62 SCL CL SC 0- 0 95-100 18-40 2-7 SC0116 62-79 SL SCL SC 0- 0 95-100 15-45 1-6
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll FL0129 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW FL0129 12-62 3.5-5.5 - 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW FL0129 62-85 3.5-5.5 - 0-0 0.6-6.0 LOW
SC0020 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 6.0-20 LOW SC0020 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW SC0020 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0020 12-40 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0020 40-62 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0020 62-79 3.6-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
SC0102 0-14 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW SC0102 14-36 3.5-5.5 - 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0102 36-46 - - - - -
SC0116 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW SC0116 0-12 3.5-5.5 1.0-6.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW SC0116 12-40 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0116 40-62 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW SC0116 62-79 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW