LOCATION WAUTOMA WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over clayey, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Mollic Epiaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Wautoma loamy sand - on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 910 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Bg--8 to 27 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; single grain; loose; few very fine and fine roots; few thin (less than 1 inch) discontinuous strata of sandy loam and loam; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; common medium distinct weak red (2.5YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 32 inches thick)
2Bg--27 to 30 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
3Bg3--30 to 38 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few fine prominent reddish brown (5YR 5/3) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
3C--38 to 60 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay; massive; firm; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; many fine prominent gray (5Y 6/1) iron depletions; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Juneau County, Wisconsin; about 2 miles west and 4 north of Camp Douglas; 80 feet north and 100 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 21, T. 18 N., R. 2 E. USGS Camp Douglas Wis. Quad. Latitude 43 degrees 58 minutes 54 seconds N., 90 degrees 18 minutes 44 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the sandy mantle ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Depth to the base of soil development ranges from 24 to 50 inches. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid in the sandy mantle and in the loamy transition layer. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to neutral in the clayey lacustrine material. . Rock fragments typically are absent throughout the soil, but a few pedons have as much as 5 percent in the sandy upper story.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is loamy sand or sand.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand.
The 2Bg horizon has hue of 10YR or, 2.5Y, 5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
The 3Bg horizon (2Bg horizon in pedons without a loamy transition layer) has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 1 to 6. Chroma of 3 to 6 occurs with 7.5YR or 5YR hue. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
The 3C horizon (2C horizon in pedons without a loamy transition layer) has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 to 6. Texture typically is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay, but in many pedons there are thin strata of coarser texture. Clay content of the 2B and 2C horizons ranges from 35 to 55 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wautoma soils are on glacial lake basins, stream terraces, and outwash plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in a sandy outwash or eolian mantle, in a loamy transition layer, and in the underlying clayey lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 32 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 47 to 51 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brems, Delton, Friendship, Meehan, Newson, Plainfield, and Wyeville soils. The higher-lying well-drained Delton and the somewhat poorly drained Wyeville soils form a drainage sequence with the poorly drained and very poorly drained Wautoma soils. Nearby, where the sands are deeper and do not have the underlying clayey deposits, are the moderately well drained Brems and Friendship, and excessively drained Plainfield soils. In some places, near the 47 degrees F temperature line, the Wautoma soils are associated with the poorly drained Newson and somewhat poorly drained Meehan soils which are classified as frigid.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained and very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible or very slow. Permeability is rapid in the sandy mantle, moderately rapid in the loamy transition layer, and slow or very slow in the clayey lacustrine deposits. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table from 1 foot above to 1 foot below the surface for long periods in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas of this soil are used for woodland or pastureland. Where drained, some areas are used for cropland. Native vegetation is mainly water-tolerant sedges and grasses, and such trees as silver maple, red maple, white ash, and green ash.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Wisconsin, mostly in the vicinity of Glacial Lake Wisconsin. These soils are inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Adams County, Wisconsin, 1978.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 8 inches (Ap); aquic moisture regime.