LOCATION WINNEGAN MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Winnegan loam - on a 31 percent convex west-facing slope in an oak-hickory forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless stated otherwise.)
A--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate very fine granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; 2 percent fine gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
E--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam; weak medium platy structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; common fine roots; few fine faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; 2 percent fine gravel; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
BE--6 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; 3 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; 3 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--20 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds and few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accunmulation in ped interiors; 4 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--26 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; few black stains; few medium prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds; 3 percent fine gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 14 to 50 inches.)
BC--31 to 38 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common coarse distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds and common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; 3 percent fine gravel; common soft masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
C--38 to 60 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure; very firm; few fine roots; many coarse distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds and common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and few medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; 4 percent fine gravel; many soft masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Linn County, Missouri; about 1 3/4 miles southeast of Browning; 950 feet north and 280 feet west of the southeast corner, Sec. 17, T. 60 N., R. 20 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Masses of soft calcium carbonate commonly are in the lower part of the solum and occur within depths of 24 to 40 inches. Rock fragments range from 1 to 5 percent throughout.
The A horizon has color value of 2 to 5, 4 to 7 dry and chroma of 2 or 3. In areas that have been cultivated the Ap horizon has color value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is silt loam, loam or clay loam. Reaction is very strongly acid to neutral.
The E horizon has color value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4 but may be mixed with the A horizon in eroded pedons. It typically is loam or clay loam, but silt loam is within the range. Reaction is very strongly acid to neutral.
The BE horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loam or clay loam and very strongly acid to slightly acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 8, ranging to 8 rarely. It is clay loam or clay with 35 to 45 percent clay and more than 20 percent sand. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper part and from strongly acid to slightly acid in the lower part. Some pedons have Btk horizons.
The BC and C horizon typically has hue of 2.5Y to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is clay or clay loam in the upper part and clay loam or loam in the lower part. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aaron, Alsup, Brookside, Derinda, Ebal, Losantville, Miamian, Purdin, Shircliff, Useful, and Vincent soils. Aaron, Alsup, Derinda, Ebal and Useful soils have a lithic or paralithic contact in the series control section. Brookside soils have more than 5 pecent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Losantville soils have carbonates at depths of less than 20 inches. Miamian soils have dense till at depths of less than 40 inches. Purdin soils have color value and chroma of 3 or less in the A or Ap horizon. Shircliff soils have less than 10 percent sand in the argillic horizon. Vincent soils do not have rock fragments in the upper part of the series control section and have hue redder than 7.5YR in the lower part of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Winnegan soils are on dissected side slopes and on low convex interfluves. Slope ranges from 5 to 45 percent. These soils formed in glacial till. Mean annual temperature ranges from 48 to 54 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation varies from 32 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the competing Purdin and the Gorin, Gosport and Keswick soils. The moderately well drained Purdin soils are on similar landscapes. The somewhat porly drained Gorin and Keswick soils have 2 chroma mottles within 10 inches of the top of the argillic horizon and Gorin soils have a mantle of loess. Both soils are higher on the landscape. The moderately deep, moderately well drained Gosport soils formed in residuum and are lower on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium to rapid. Permeability is slow. A perched water table has an upper limit of 2.0 to 3.5 feet during November to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Winnegan soil are in woodland. Some areas are in grass or grass-legume pasture or hayland. A few areas are used for wheat, corn, milo, and soybeans. Native vegetation is deciduous hardwoods, primarily oak and hickory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Missouri and possibly southern Iowa. The Winnegan series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Linn County, Missouri, 1987.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 10 inches (A, E, BE horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 10 inches to 31 inches (Bt horizon).