LOCATION WYRENE ND+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid Aeric Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wyrene sandy loam - on a plane slope of less than 1 percent under cropland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described the soil was moist throughout.)
A--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) sandy loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (7 to 16 inches thick)
Bk1--8 to 13 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; carbonates disseminated throughout; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Bk2--13 to 21 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate coarse and medium prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; carbonates disseminated throughout; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined Bk horizons 8 to 34 inches thick)
2C1--21 to 29 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) coarse sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) dry; single grain; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2C2--29 to 42 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) coarse sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) dry; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations; single grain; loose; about 3 percent pebbles; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2C3--42 to 60 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) coarse sand, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; single grain; loose; about 5 percent pebbles; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Eddy County, North Dakota; about 15 miles east and 3 1/2 miles south of New Rockford; 2420 feet south and 1450 feet west of the northeast corner, sec. 22, T. 148 N., R. 64 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to loamy sand or coarser textures ranges from 20 to 32 inches. Typically, the A and Bk horizons average between 6 and 18 percent clay and 18 to 35 percent silt. They contain up to 10 percent rock fragments. The particle-size control section contains more than 30 percent medium and coarser sand. The mollic epipedon is 7 to 16 inches thick.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3 and 3 to 5 dry, and chroma of 1. It is sandy loam or coarse sandy loam. It is neutral to moderately alkaline. Some pedons have an AK horizon.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5 and 5 to 7 dry, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is sandy loam, coarse sandy loam or loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. It contains 15 to more than 30 percent calcium carbonate equivalent. Some pedons have a 2Bk horizon. It has textures similar to the 2C horizon, however, it may also have a texture of loamy sand.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 3 to 6 and 5 to 8 dry, and chroma of 1 to 6. It is sand or coarse sand, or their gravelly analogues, containing up to 35 percent rock fragments. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. It has few to many, and faint to prominent redoximorphic features in some pedons. Glacial till or lacustrine sediments with textures of loam, clay loam or silt loam are below depths of 40 inches in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Karlsruhe and Ulen series. Karlsruhe soils have loamy sand or coarser textures at depths of less than 20 inches. Ulen soils have a particle-size control section that averages fine sand or loamy fine sand with less than 30 percent medium and coarser sand.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wyrene soils are on level and nearly level slightly depressed areas on outwash plains and interbeach areas. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in moderately coarse overlying coarse textured sediments. The climate is cool, subhumid. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 37 to 45 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation from 15 to 22 inches. Most of the precipitation comes in the spring and summer. Frost-free period ranges from 110 to 140 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 900 to 2300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arveson, Arvilla, Claire, Divide, Hamar, Hangaard, Lohnes, Marysland, Osakis, Sandberg, Syrene, Totten, Warsing and Wyndmere soils. Arveson, Marysland, Syrene and Totten soils are on nearby slightly lower lying areas. Arveson soils are coarse-loamy. Marysland soils are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy skeletal. Totten soils have natric horizons. Arvilla, Claire, Lohnes, Osakis, Sandberg and Warsing soils are on higher lying areas and are moderately well drained to excessively drained. Divide, Hamar and Wyndmere soils are on nearby outwash plains. Divide soils are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal. Hamar and Hangaard soils do not have calcic horizons. Wyndmere soils are coarse-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is negligible or very low depending on slope. Permeability is moderately rapid in the upper part and rapid in the lower part. A seasonal high water table is at a depth of 1.5 to 3.5 feet below the surface at some time during the period of April through June.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are cropped to spring seeded small grains. Some are used for hay and pasture. Native vegetation was mid and tall prairie grasses such as little and big bluestem.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. The soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eddy County, North Dakota, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 8 inches (A horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from 8 to 21 inches (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data sample S76ND49-11.