LOCATION LOHNES ND+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid Entic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lohnes loamy coarse sand--native grass. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
A--0 to 16 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loamy coarse sand, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
AC--16 to 30 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loamy coarse sand, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; loose, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common roots; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
C1--30 to 47 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) coarse sand, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain; few fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations in the lower part; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C2--47 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) coarse sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; common fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations in upper part, and common fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) redoximorphic concentrations in lower part; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Eddy County, North Dakota; about 2 1/2 miles south and 1/2 mile east of Hamar; 2340 feet north and 75 feet west of the southeast corner, sec. 22, T. 150 N., R. 62 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mollic epipedon commonly is more than 14 inches thick but ranges from 10 to 20 inches in thickness. The 10- to 40- inch control section typically is coarse sand, sand, loamy sand, or loamy coarse sand. It averages up to 5 percent by volume coarse fragments, most of which are 2 to 10 mm in diameter. Depth to carbonates ranges from more than 10 inches to less than 60 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1. Chroma of 2 is allowed below a depth of 7 inches. The A horizon is coarse sand, sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, coarse sandy loam or sandy loam. The A and AC horizons are neutral or slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a Bw horizon with textures of coarse sand, sand, loamy coarse sand or loamy sand.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7 and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It has few or common redoximorphic features below 40 inches in some pedons. It is coarse sand, sand, loamy coarse sand or loamy sand. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. A thin dark colored layer is below depths of 30 inches in some pedons. Some pedons have loamy glacial till below depths of 40 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Hubbard, Kost, Maddock and Sandberg soils. Hubbard and Kost soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 60 inches. In addition, Hubbard soils are neutral or acid throughout. Kost and Maddock soils have less than 30 percent medium sand and coarser. Sandberg soils have 2 to 35 percent rock fragments in the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lohnes soils commonly are on level concave areas on glacial lake plains and outwash plains. Slope gradients typically are less than 2 percent but range to 15 percent. The soils formed in poorly sorted coarse and medium sands of mixed mineralogy. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 38 to 45 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 22 inches. Three-fourths of the precipitation falls during the growing season.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Maddock soils and the Claire and Hecla soils. Claire soils are on the slightly higher positions in the landscape. They do not have a mollic epipedon. Hecla and Maddock soils are on nearby lake and outwash plains. Hecla soils have redoximorphic features higher in the profile.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is slow or medium. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly pasture and range. Limited cultivation to grow small grains. Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central and eastern North Dakota and western Minnesota. The soil is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eddy County, North Dakota, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 16 inches (A horizon); the AC horizon has the color for mollic epipedon but not the organic matter content.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data is available on the following profiles: S59ND-14-2, S60ND-14-2, and S57ND-37-5.