LOCATION WYANDOTTE MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over clayey, mixed over smectitic, frigid Typic Calciaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wyandotte clay loam with a concave slope of 1 percent in a cultivated field at 1,145 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)
Bk--8 to 15 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; about 5 percent coarse fragments; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
2C1--15 to 21 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) very gravelly loamy coarse sand; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; single grain; loose; common very fine and fine roots; about 60 percent coarse fragments; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2C2--21 to 28 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) very gravelly loamy coarse sand; few fine distinct gray (10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions; single grain; loose; about 50 percent coarse fragments; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2C3--28 to 34 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) very gravelly loamy coarse sand; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; single grain; loose; about 60 percent coarse fragments; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined 2C horizons 10 to 28 inches thick)
3Cg--34 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) clay; common fine distinct gray (5Y 6/1) redoximorphic depletions and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations; weak fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; about 5 percent coarse fragments; few fine irregular soft lime filaments; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Pennington County, Minnesota; 4 miles west and 3 miles north of Thief River Falls; 50 feet south and 2,100 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 13, T. 154 N., R. 44 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the mollic epipedon and depth to the 2C horizon ranges from 7 to 14 inches. Depth to the 3Cg horizon ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The 2C horizon has 35 to 75 percent rock fragments and the 3Cg horizon has less than 15 percent.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is clay loam, loam or sandy clay loam. It is friable or very friable and slightly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons have an Ak horizon.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam or sandy clay loam. It is friable or very friable. It is slightly or moderately alkaline.
The 2C horizons have value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 0 to 2. Distinct and prominent redoximorphic features are present. They are very gravelly loamy sand, very gravelly loamy coarse sand, very gravelly sand or very gravelly coarse sand. They are very friable or loose. They are neutral to moderately alkaline.
The 3Cg horizons have value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. Distinct or prominent redoximorphic features are present. They are clay, clay loam, silty clay loam or silty clay. They have 35 to 80 percent clay. They are firm or very firm and are slightly or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Thiefriver series. Thiefriver soils have less than 15 percent rock fragments throughout the upper part.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wyandotte soils are level and nearly level and formed dominantly in 20 to 40 inches of gravelly sediments overlying clayey till or lacustrine sediments. These materials are of the late Wisconsinan age. Typically these soils occur on slightly concave broad flats adjacent to beach ridges. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 38 to 42 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 18 to 22 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clearwater, Lohnes, Syrene and Thiefriver soils. The Clearwater soils are clayey throughout the profile. Lohnes soils are well drained and sandy throughout. Syrene soils are deeper than 40 inches to sand and gravel and do not have a clayey substratum. Thiefriver soils occur on similar landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained, runoff is slow. Permeability is rapid in the upper layers and slow in the clayey substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Commonly cropped to small grains, sunflowers, and hay. Native vegetation was tall grass prairie with scattered areas of aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Minnesota. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pennington County, Minnesota, October 1981.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 8 inches (Ap horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from 8 to 15 inches (Bk horizon).
The Wyandotte soils previously were included with the Mavie soils.