LOCATION YPSI MI

Established Series
Rev. NWS
08/2012

YPSI SERIES

The Ypsi series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in loamy lacustrine deposits overlying clayey till or lacustrine deposits. Ypsi soils are on lake plains, terraces, and ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 4 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 813 mm (32 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 9.4 degrees C (49 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over clayey, mixed, semiactive, mesic Udollic Epiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Ypsi sandy loam, on a convex, 2 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm (9 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]

Bw [B1]--23 to 36 cm (9 to 14 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loamy sand; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common fine roots; few dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

Bt1 [B21t]--36 to 53 cm (14 to 21 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few thin discontinuous light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; clay bridging between sand grains; continuous light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) surfaces on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; common fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2 [B22t]--53 to 74 cm (21 to 29 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few thin discontinuous light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; clay bridging between sand grains; continuous light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) surfaces on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; common fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the B2 horizon is 20 to 51 cm (8 to 20 inches).]

BC [B3]--74 to 94 cm (29 to 37 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; very few fine roots; ; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) surfaces on peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; less than 5 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 30 cm (12 inches) thick]

2Cg1 [IIC1g]--94 to 130 cm (37 to 51 inches); gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay; weak medium angular blocky structure; firm; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of oxidized iron; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [25 to 46 cm (10 to 18 inches) thick]

2Cg2 [IIC2g]--130 to 152 cm (51 to 60 inches); gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay; massive; firm; less than 5 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Washtenaw County, Michigan; 578 feet east and 20 feet north of center of sec. 33, T. 4 S., R. 6 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches)
Depth to the clayey material: 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches)
Argillic horizon: averages between 8 to 18 percent clay
Rock fragment content: 0 to 20 percent in the solum and 0 to 10 percent in the 2C horizons
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral in the solum

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3; 5 or less dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: sandy loam or loamy sand

Bw horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: loamy sand or sandy loam
Redoximorphic features: iron-manganese concretions range from 2 to 10 mm in diameter in this horizon; if concretions are absent, chromas are 2 or less on surfaces of ped

Bt horizon, upper part:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 and 3 in the upper part and 2 to 6 in the lower part
Texture: sandy loam

BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam

2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: No other series are in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ypsi soils are on lake plains, terraces, and ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 4 percent. These soils formed in loamy lacustrine deposits overlying clayey till or lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 737 to 940 mm (29 to 37 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 8.9 to 11.7 degrees C (48 to 53 degrees F). Mean summer temperature is about 21.1 degrees C (70 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The Ypsi soils are the somewhat poorly drained member of a drainage sequence that includes the moderately well drained Seward soils and poorly drained or very poorly drained Wauseon soils. They are associated with the Nappanee and Hoytville soils on ground moraines and the Fulton and Toledo soils on lake plains. The Nappanee, Hoytville, Fulton, and Toledo soils are not loamy sand or sandy loam in the upper part of the control section.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Potential for surface runoff is low or medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high in the loamy part and moderately low in the clayey part. Permeability is moderately rapid in the loamy part of the pedon and slow in the clayey part.

USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are cultivated in most areas. Corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume-grass hay are the principal crops. Soils are used for permanent pasture or forest in a few areas. Native vegetation is hardwoods, principally elm, oak, hickory, basswood, and maple.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 98 and 111B in southeastern Michigan. This series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washtenaw County, Michigan, 1974.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 36 cm (14 inches) (Ap, Bw horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 36 to 74 cm (14 to 29 inches) (Bt horizon).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.