LOCATION YALESVILLE CT+MA NJ NY
Established Series
Rev. MFF-SMF
01/2013
YALESVILLE SERIES
The Yalesville series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in a loamy till. They are nearly level to moderately steep soils on hills and ridges. Slope ranges from 0 to 50 percent. Saturated hydraulic conductivy is moderately high or high in the solum and high in the substratum. Depth to bedrock ranges from 51 to 102 cm. Mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C and mean annual precipitation is about 1194 mm.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Yalesville fine sandy loam - grass hayfield, 6 percent slope. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 20 cm; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (15 to 25 cm thick)
Bw1--20 to 36 cm; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; few very dark grayish brown earthworm casts; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2--36 to 64 cm; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 30 to 75 cm)
C--64 to 91 cm; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) gravelly sandy loam; massive; firm; 12 percent gravel and 3 percent cobbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 41 cm thick)
2R--91 cm; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) hard sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: New Haven County, Connecticut; town of North Branford, 2000 feet north of the junction of Village Street and Clintonville Road, 250 feet west of Village Street; on the Wallingford USGS topographic quadrangle, latitude 41 degrees 23 minutes 57 seconds N., longitude 72 degrees 48 minutes 26 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 46 to 91 cm. Depth to bedrock ranges from 51 to 102 cm. Rock fragments range from 2 to 35 percent by volume in the solum and from 5 to 70 percent in the C horizon. Typically, 60 percent or more of the rock fragments are subrounded gravel or channers. Unless limed, the soil ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid.
Some pedons have O horizons. In lieu texture ranges from slightly decomposed plant material to highly decomposed plant material.
The Ap horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Dry value is 6 or more. Undisturbed pedons have a thin A horizon with value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3. The A or Ap horizon is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction. It has weak or moderate granular structure and is friable or very friable.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10R, 2.5YR, or 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam in the fine-earth fraction. The Bw horizon commonly has weak or moderate subangular blocky or granular structure, or it is massive. Consistence is friable or very friable.
Some pedons have a BC horizon with similar properties to the Bw horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 10R, 2.5YR, or 5YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam in the fine-earth fraction. The horizon is massive and consistence is very friable to firm.
Some pedons have a thin Cr horizon just above the bedrock.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Ashe,
Brookfield,
Buladean,
Cardigan,
Charlton,
Chestnut,
Delaware,
Dutchess,
Edneyville,
Foresthills (Tentative),
Gallimore,
Greenbelt (Tentative),
Lordstown,
Newport,
Riverhead,
Soco, St. Albans,
Stecoah, and
Wakeman series in the same family. Ashe, Buladean, Chestnut, Edneyville, Gallimore, Soco, and Stecoah, soils are from outside LRR R.
Ashe,
Cardigan, and
Lordstown soils have 7.5YR or yellower hue in the B horizon.
Brookfield,
Charlton,
Chestnut,
Delaware,
Dutchess,
Edneyville,
Foresthills (T),
Gallimore,
Greenbelt (T),
Nantucket,
Newport,
Paxton,
Pollux,
Riverhead, and St. Albans soils are deeper than 40 inches to hard bedrock.
Buladean,
Soco, and
Stecoah soils have a paralithic contact with weathered bedrock at less than 60 inches depth.
Wakeman soils are sandy and loamy residuum over sandstone.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Yalesville soils are nearly level to moderately steep soils on bedrock controlled hills and ridges. Slope ranges from 0 to 50 percent, but commonly is 8 to 15 percent. The soils formed in acid till derived mostly from red sandstone, shale, and conglomerate with some basalt. Mean annual temperature ranges from 7 to 12 degrees C, mean annual precipitation ranges from 1016 to 1270 mm, and the growing season ranges from 130 to 185 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Bash,
Berlin,
Branford,
Cheshire,
Ellington,
Hartford,
Holyoke,
Ludlow,
Manchester,
Menlo,
Penwood,
Watchaug,
Wethersfield, and
Wilbraham soils on nearby landscapes. Well drained Cheshire and Wethersfield soils, moderately well drained Ludlow and Watchaug soils, poorly drained Wilbraham soils, and very poorly drained Menlo soils are on landscapes where the soil is deeper than 152 cm. Holyoke soils are on ridges where the underlying bedrock is between 25 and 51 cm deep. Somewhat poorly drained Bash soils are on floodplains. Berlin soils are fine-textured and are on glaciolacustrine terraces. Branford, Ellington, Hartford, Manchester, and Penwood soils are terrace associates formed in stratified glaciofluvial deposits.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is negligible to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivy is moderately high or high in the solum and high in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas are cleared and in hay, pasture, silage corn, vegetables, nursery stock, and orchards. Some areas are wooded or in community development. Common trees are white, red, and black oak, red maple, hickory, gray birch, white pine, and hemlock.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Glaciated uplands in Connecticut Valley of Connecticut and Massachusetts, southeastern New York, and northeastern New Jersey; MLRAs 144A and 145. The series is of moderate extent, about 30,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rockland County, New York, 1973.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 20 cm (Ap horizon).
2. Cambic horizon - from 20 to 64 cm (Bw horizons).
3. Lithic contact - hard bedrock at 91 cm (R horizon)
4. Lithologic discontinuity - rock fragments in till derived from mixed sources overlying bedrock at 91 cm (R horizon).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.