LOCATION ZEPERNICK OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, acid, mesic Fluventic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Zepernick silt loam, on a south facing, 1 percent slope in pasture at an elevation of 1,085 feet above msl. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap-- 0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick.)
A-- 6 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick.)
Bw-- 10 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) irregular iron depletions in the matrix; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix around depletions; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick.)
Bg1-- 15 to 25 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common medium prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) dendritic masses of iron accumulation lining pores; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bg2-- 25 to 32 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix adjacent to pores; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bg3-- 32 to 40 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix adjacent to pores; few medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) irregular masses of iron-manganese accumulation in the matrix; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bg horizons is 14 to 30 inches.)
BC-- 40 to 50 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; 40 percent medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions on ped faces and in pores; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix adjacent to pores; few medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) irregular masses of iron-manganese accumulation in the matrix; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick.)
CB-- 50 to 65 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; 30 percent medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions on ped faces and in pores; common medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) irregular masses of iron-manganese accumulation in the matrix; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick.)
C1-- 65 to 70 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; firm; 30 percent medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) irregular iron depletions in the matrix; few fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) irregular masses of iron-manganese accumulation in the matrix; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
C2-- 70 to 80 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; massive; firm; 30 percent medium prominent gray (10YR 5/1) irregular iron depletions in the matrix; few fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) irregular masses of iron-manganese accumulation in the matrix; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Columbiana County, Ohio; West Township, about 2 miles north of Bayard, about 610 feet east and 2,440 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 17, T. 16 N., R.5 W.; U.S.G.S. Homeworth, Ohio topographic quadrangle; Latitude 40 degrees, 46 minutes, 44.9 seconds N. and Longitude 81 degrees, 04 minutes, 05.9 seconds W., NAD 1983.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 30 to 65 inches. Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches. Rock fragments ranges from 0 to 2 percent in the A and B horizons and 0 to 45 percent in the C horizon.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is silt loam. Structure is weak or moderate, fine or medium, granular. Consistence is friable or very friable. It is very strongly acid to moderately acid, and ranges to neutral in limed areas.
The B or Bg horizon has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 2.5Y value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 6. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. In some pedons strata of loam, sandy loam or fine sandy loam are below 40 inches. Structure is weak or moderate, fine to coarse, subangular blocky. Consistence is friable or firm. It is extremely acid or very strongly acid.
The BC or CB horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 0 to 6. Texture is silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam. Some pedons have strata of sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Structure is weak, fine to coarse, subangular blocky. Consistence is friable or firm. It is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The C or Cg horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, N or gleyed, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 0 to 6. Texture is silt loam, silty clay loam or loam in the fine earth fraction. Some pedons have strata of sandy loam, loamy sand or fine sandy loam. Structure is massive. Consistence is very friable, friable or firm. It is extremely acid to neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Zepernick soils formed in alluvium whose source was Wisconsinan age till, lacustrine sediments and outwash and are on flood plain steps on flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 35 to 40 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from about 50 to 53 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Canfield, Chili, Fitchville, Ravenna, and Wick soils. The moderately well drained Canfield and the somewhat poorly drained Ravenna soils are on adjacent till plains. The well drained Chili soils formed on adjacent outwash terraces. The somewhat poorly drained Fitchville soils formed in silty glaciolacustrine sediments and are on adjacent terraces. The very poorly drained Wick soils formed in alluvium and are on lower positions on the flood plain.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is low. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow. Zepernick soils are subject to occasional flooding for brief durations. In undisturbed areas the depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 foot from November to June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are commonly used to grow corn, oats, wheat, mixed hay, and pasture. A few areas are in woodland. Natural vegetation is deciduous forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 139. Northeastern Ohio and possibly northwestern Pennsylvania. The series is of small extent, about 8,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Columbiana County, Ohio, 2005.
REMARKS: Zepernick soils were formerly mapped as Orrville, Papakating, and Wayland in the 1968 Soil Survey of Columbiana County, Ohio.
Diagnostic horizons and features recongnized in this pedon are:
a) Ochric epipedon - from the surface to a depth of 10 inches (Ap and A horizons).
b) Cambic horizon - from a depth of 10 to 40 inches (Bw, Bg1, Bg2, and Bg3 horizons).
c) Redoximorphic features - from a depth of 10 to 80 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to pedon CO-152 for characterization data of the typical pedon, sample numbers 27338-27347, from Columbiana County, Ohio; samples analyzed by the Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory, Columbus, Ohio.